Njira yofufuzira ya SMART convergence yotsimikizira kuti anthu onse akutenga nawo mbali popanga njira yowunikira ndi kuchenjeza kuti apereke chidziwitso chochenjeza msanga kuti achepetse zoopsa za masoka. Chithunzi: Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (2023). DOI: 10.5194/nhess-23-667-2023
Kuthandiza anthu ammudzi kupanga njira yochenjeza anthu nthawi yomweyo kungathandize kuchepetsa mavuto omwe nthawi zambiri amabwera chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa madzi kwa anthu ndi katundu—makamaka m'madera amapiri komwe zochitika zoopsa za madzi ndi vuto "loipa", kafukufuku watsopano wavumbulutsa.
Kusefukira kwa madzi kwadzidzidzi kukuchulukirachulukira ndipo kumawononga miyoyo ndi katundu wa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo, koma ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya SMART (onani chithunzi pamwambapa) polankhula ndi anthu okhala m'madera otere kudzathandiza kuwonetsa bwino chiopsezo chomwe chikubwera chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa madzi.
Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti kuphatikiza deta ya nyengo ndi chidziwitso cha momwe anthu amakhalira komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito m'madera otere, kudzathandiza oyang'anira zoopsa za masoka, akatswiri a zamadzi, ndi mainjiniya kupanga njira zabwino zodziwitsira anthu kusefukira kwa madzi kusanachitike.
Pofalitsa zomwe apeza mu Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, gulu lofufuza lapadziko lonse lotsogozedwa ndi University of Birmingham likukhulupirira kuti kuphatikiza sayansi, mfundo ndi njira zotsogozedwa ndi anthu ammudzi kudzathandiza kupanga zisankho zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe zomwe zikugwirizana bwino ndi zomwe zikuchitika mderalo.
Wolemba nawo Tahmina Yasmin, Postdoctoral Research Fellow ku University of Birmingham, anati, "Vuto 'loipa' ndi vuto la chikhalidwe kapena chikhalidwe lomwe ndi lovuta kapena losatheka kulithetsa chifukwa cha zovuta zake komanso zogwirizana. Tikukhulupirira kuti kuphatikiza sayansi ya chikhalidwe ndi deta ya nyengo kudzathandiza kuzindikira mbali zosadziwika za vutoli popanga njira yochenjeza msanga."
"Kulumikizana bwino ndi anthu ammudzi ndikuwunika zinthu zomwe anthu ammudzi omwe ali pachiwopsezo apeza - mwachitsanzo, kukhala m'malo osaloledwa m'mphepete mwa mitsinje kapena m'malo osasamalidwa - kudzathandiza omwe akuyendetsa mfundozo kumvetsetsa bwino zoopsa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo ndikukonzekera njira zothetsera kusefukira kwa madzi zomwe zimapatsa anthu ammudzi chitetezo chabwino."
Ofufuzawo akuti kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya SMART kumathandiza opanga mfundo kuulula kufooka ndi chiopsezo cha madera, pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo zazikulu:
● S= Kumvetsetsana kwa zoopsa zomwe zimaonetsetsa kuti gulu lililonse la anthu m'dera lanu likuimiridwa ndipo njira zosiyanasiyana zosonkhanitsira deta zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
● M= Kuyang'anira zoopsa ndikukhazikitsa njira zochenjeza zomwe zimalimbitsa chidaliro ndikugawana chidziwitso chofunikira cha zoopsa—kuthandiza kusunga njira yolosera.
● A= NyumbaAKuzindikira kudzera mu maphunziro ndi ntchito zokulitsa luso zomwe zimathandizira kumvetsetsa nyengo yeniyeni komanso chidziwitso cha chenjezo la kusefukira kwa madzi.
● RT= Kusonyeza kukonzekera pasadakhaleRzochita zoyankha paTKhalani ndi nthawi yokwanira yoyang'anira masoka ndi mapulani othawirako kutengera chenjezo loperekedwa ndi EWS.
Wolemba nawo David Hannah, Pulofesa wa Hydrology komanso Wapampando wa UNESCO mu Sayansi ya Madzi ku Yunivesite ya Birmingham, adati, "Kukulitsa chidaliro cha anthu m'mabungwe aboma ndi kulosera zaukadaulo, pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotsogozedwa ndi anthu m'madera amapiri omwe alibe deta ndikofunikira kwambiri poteteza anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo."
"Kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya SMART iyi pothandiza anthu ammudzi popanga njira zochenjeza anthu onse komanso zopindulitsa mosakayikira kudzathandiza kukulitsa luso, kusintha, komanso kulimba mtima poyang'anizana ndi mavuto oopsa a madzi, monga kusefukira kwa madzi ndi chilala, komanso kusatsimikizika kwakukulu pakusintha kwa dziko lonse."
Zambiri:Tahmina Yasmin ndi ena, Kulankhulana mwachidule: Kuphatikizapo popanga njira yochenjeza anthu kuti asagwere m'madzi, Zoopsa Zachilengedwe ndi Sayansi ya Dongosolo la Dziko (2023).DOI: 10.5194/nhess-23-667-2023
Yoperekedwa ndiYunivesite ya Birmingham
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-10-2023