1. Chidule
Dongosolo lochenjeza za kusefukira kwa madzi m'mapiri ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yopewera kusefukira kwa madzi m'mapiri.
Makamaka poganizira mbali zitatu za kuyang'anira, kuchenjeza ndi kuyankha mwachangu, njira yowunikira madzi ndi mvula yomwe ikuphatikiza kusonkhanitsa, kutumiza ndi kusanthula chidziwitso imagwirizanitsidwa ndi njira yochenjeza ndi kuyankha mwachangu. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa vuto la chidziwitso chochenjeza msanga komanso kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka komwe kungachitike chifukwa cha mtsinje wa m'mapiri, sankhani njira zoyenera zochenjeza msanga kuti mukwaniritse kuyika chidziwitso chochenjeza panthawi yake komanso molondola, kukhazikitsa lamulo lasayansi, kupanga zisankho, kutumiza, ndi kupulumutsa ndi kuthandiza pakagwa masoka, kuti madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi masoka athe kutenga njira zodzitetezera panthawi yake malinga ndi dongosolo lopewera masoka kuti achepetse anthu omwe akhudzidwa ndi kusefukira kwa madzi ndi kutayika kwa katundu.
2. Kapangidwe Konse ka Dongosololi
Dongosolo lochenjeza za masoka a m'mapiri lomwe lapangidwa ndi kampaniyo makamaka limadalira ukadaulo wazidziwitso za malo kuti likwaniritse kuyang'anira momwe madzi amvula alili komanso chenjezo la momwe madzi amvula alili. Kuyang'anira madzi amvula kumaphatikizapo njira zina monga netiweki yowunikira madzi ndi malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, kutumiza chidziwitso ndi kusonkhanitsa deta nthawi yeniyeni; chenjezo la madzi amvula limaphatikizapo kufufuza zambiri, ntchito yakumidzi ya dziko, ntchito yowunikira madzi amvula, kulosera momwe madzi alili, kutulutsa machenjezo koyambirira, kuyankha mwadzidzidzi ndi kasamalidwe ka makina, ndi zina zotero. Dongosololi limaphatikizaponso gulu lowunikira gulu lotsutsa mabungwe ndi njira yophunzitsira zabodza kuti lipereke gawo lonse la dongosolo lochenjeza za masoka a m'mapiri.
3. Kuyang'anira Mvula ya Madzi
Kuyang'anira madzi a mvula pa dongosololi kumaphatikizapo malo owunikira mvula, malo owunikira mvula ophatikizidwa, malo owunikira mvula okhaokha komanso siteshoni yapakati pa tawuni/tawuni; dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza kwa kuyang'anira madzi okhaokha komanso kuyang'anira ndi manja kuti akonze malo owunikira mosavuta. Zipangizo zazikulu zowunikira ndi choyezera mvula chosavuta, choyezera mvula cha tipping bucket, choyezera madzi ndi choyezera madzi cha mtundu woyandama. Dongosololi lingagwiritse ntchito njira yolumikizirana yomwe ili pachithunzi chotsatirachi:
4. Njira Yowunikira ndi Kuchenjeza Anthu Kumayambiriro kwa Chigawo
Pulatifomu yowunikira ndi kuchenjeza koyambirira ndiyo maziko a kukonza chidziwitso cha deta ndikupereka chithandizo cha kuwunika masoka a m'mapiri ndi njira yochenjeza koyambirira. Imakhala ndi maukonde apakompyuta, database ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito. Ntchito zazikulu zimaphatikizapo njira yosonkhanitsira deta nthawi yeniyeni, njira yoyambira yofunsira chidziwitso, njira yanyengo yochitira ntchito zamtunda, ndi njira yanthawi yamvula, njira yanthawi yoperekera machenjezo koyambirira, ndi zina zotero.
(1) Dongosolo losonkhanitsira deta nthawi yeniyeni
Kusonkhanitsa deta nthawi yeniyeni kumachitika makamaka ndi kusonkhanitsa deta ndi kusinthana pakati pa zinthu. Kudzera mu kusonkhanitsa deta ndi kusinthana pakati pa zinthu, deta yowunikira ya malo aliwonse amvula ndi malo oyezera madzi imapezeka nthawi yeniyeni ku dongosolo lochenjeza za kusefukira kwa madzi m'mapiri.
(2) Dongosolo loyambira la mafunso ofunikira
Kutengera ndi dongosolo la malo la 3D kuti likwaniritse kufunsa ndi kupeza chidziwitso choyambira, kufunsa chidziwitso kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi malo amapiri kuti zotsatira za kufunsa zikhale zosavuta komanso zenizeni, ndikupereka nsanja yowoneka bwino, yothandiza komanso yachangu yopanga zisankho za atsogoleri. Makamaka imaphatikizapo chidziwitso choyambira cha dera loyang'anira, chidziwitso cha bungwe loyenera loletsa kusefukira kwa madzi, chidziwitso cha dongosolo loletsa kusefukira kwa madzi, mkhalidwe woyambira wa malo owunikira, chidziwitso cha momwe ntchito ikuyendera, chidziwitso cha malo ang'onoang'ono osungira madzi, ndi chidziwitso cha masoka.
(3) Dongosolo la Ntchito Zanyengo ndi Malo
Zambiri zokhudza nyengo zimaphatikizapo mapu a mitambo ya nyengo, mapu a radar, kulosera za nyengo m'chigawo (chigawo), kulosera za nyengo m'dziko lonse, mapu a mapiri, kugwedezeka kwa nthaka ndi zinyalala, ndi zina zambiri.
(4) Kachitidwe ka ntchito ya madzi amvula
Dongosolo la madzi amvula limaphatikizapo magawo angapo monga mvula, madzi a mtsinje, ndi madzi a m'nyanja. Utumiki wa mvula umatha kukwaniritsa mafunso a mvula nthawi yeniyeni, mafunso a mvula yakale, kusanthula mvula, kujambula mizere ya mvula, kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mvula, ndi zina zotero. Utumiki wa madzi a m'mtsinje makamaka umaphatikizapo momwe madzi alili mumtsinje nthawi yeniyeni, mafunso a momwe madzi alili mumtsinje, mapu a momwe madzi alili mumtsinje, kuchuluka kwa madzi. Mzere wozungulira umajambula; momwe madzi alili mumtsinje makamaka umaphatikizapo mafunso okhudza momwe madzi alili mumtsinje, chithunzi cha momwe madzi alili mumtsinje, mzere wozungulira momwe madzi alili mumtsinje, momwe madzi alili mumtsinje komanso kuyerekeza momwe madzi alili mumtsinje, komanso momwe madzi alili mumtsinje.
(5) Dongosolo laling'ono la ntchito yolosera za momwe madzi alili
Dongosololi limasunga njira yodziwira zotsatira za kusefukira kwa madzi, ndipo limagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wowonera kuti liwonetse njira yosinthira momwe kusefukira kwa madzi kudzachitikira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, ndipo limapereka ntchito monga kufunsa mafunso pa tchati ndi kupereka zotsatira.
(6) Dongosolo laling'ono la ntchito yotulutsa machenjezo msanga
Pamene mvula kapena madzi omwe aperekedwa ndi dongosolo la ntchito yolosera za madzi afika pamlingo wochenjeza womwe wakhazikitsidwa ndi dongosololi, dongosololi lidzalowa mu ntchito yochenjeza koyambirira. Dongosololi limayamba kupereka chenjezo lamkati kwa ogwira ntchito yowongolera kusefukira kwa madzi, ndi chenjezo koyambirira kwa anthu kudzera mu kusanthula kwamanja.
(7) Dongosolo laling'ono la chithandizo chothandiza anthu mwadzidzidzi
Dongosolo laling'ono la ntchito yotulutsa machenjezo msanga likapereka chenjezo kwa anthu onse, dongosolo laling'ono la ntchito yothandiza anthu mwadzidzidzi limayamba lokha. Dongosolo laling'ono ili lidzapatsa opanga zisankho njira yodziwira bwino komanso yokwanira yothanirana ndi masoka a m'mapiri.
Pakagwa tsoka, dongosololi lidzapereka mapu atsatanetsatane a komwe ngoziyo ili komanso njira zosiyanasiyana zothawirako ndikupereka ntchito yofunsira mndandanda wofanana. Poyankha nkhani ya chitetezo cha moyo ndi katundu yomwe yabweretsedwa kwa anthu chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa madzi, dongosololi limaperekanso njira zosiyanasiyana zopulumutsira anthu, njira zodzipulumutsira ndi mapulogalamu ena, komanso limapereka chithandizo choyankha nthawi yeniyeni kuti mapulogalamuwa agwire ntchito.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-10-2023