Gulu la ofufuza ochokera ku mayunivesite ku Scotland, Portugal ndi Germany lapanga sensa yomwe ingathandize kuzindikira kupezeka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kochepa kwambiri m'madzi.
Ntchito yawo, yomwe yafotokozedwa m'nkhani yatsopano yomwe yafalitsidwa lero mu magazini ya Polymer Materials and Engineering, ingapangitse kuti kuyang'anira madzi kukhale kofulumira, kosavuta, komanso kotsika mtengo.
Mankhwala ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ulimi padziko lonse lapansi kuti apewe kutayika kwa mbewu. Komabe, samalani, chifukwa ngakhale kutayikira pang'ono m'nthaka, pansi pa nthaka kapena m'madzi a m'nyanja kungayambitse kuvulaza thanzi la anthu, nyama ndi chilengedwe.
Kuyang'anira chilengedwe nthawi zonse n'kofunika kwambiri kuti muchepetse kuipitsidwa kwa madzi kuti muchitepo kanthu mwachangu mankhwala ophera tizilombo akapezeka m'madzi. Pakadali pano, kuyezetsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'malo oyesera pogwiritsa ntchito njira monga chromatography ndi mass spectrometry.
Ngakhale kuti mayesowa amapereka zotsatira zodalirika komanso zolondola, akhoza kutenga nthawi komanso kukhala okwera mtengo kuchita. Njira ina yabwino ndi chida chowunikira mankhwala chotchedwa Raman Scattering (SERS).
Kuwala kukagunda molekyulu, kumabalalika pamafupipafupi osiyanasiyana kutengera kapangidwe ka molekyulu. SERS imalola asayansi kuzindikira ndi kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa mamolekyu otsala mu chitsanzo choyesera chomwe chimamatiridwa pamwamba pa chitsulo pofufuza "zala" zapadera za kuwala komwe kumabalalika ndi mamolekyulu.
Izi zitha kukulitsidwa mwa kusintha pamwamba pa chitsulo kuti chizitha kuyamwa mamolekyu, motero kukulitsa luso la sensa lozindikira kuchuluka kochepa kwa mamolekyu mu chitsanzocho.
Gulu lofufuza linayamba kupanga njira yatsopano yoyesera yomwe ingathe kuyamwa mamolekyu m'madzi pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosindikizidwa za 3D zomwe zilipo ndikupereka zotsatira zolondola zoyambirira m'munda.
Kuti achite zimenezi, anaphunzira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo opangidwa kuchokera ku chisakanizo cha polypropylene ndi machubu a kaboni okhala ndi makoma ambiri. Nyumbazo zinapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wosungunuka, mtundu wodziwika bwino wa kusindikiza kwa 3D.
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe zonyowa, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta siliva ndi golide timayikidwa pamwamba pa kapangidwe ka selo kuti tithe kufalitsa Raman pamwamba pake.
Anayesa kuthekera kwa mapangidwe angapo osiyanasiyana a maselo osindikizidwa a 3D kuyamwa ndi kuyamwa mamolekyu a organic dye methylene blue, kenako anawasanthula pogwiritsa ntchito Raman spectrometer yonyamulika.
Zipangizo zomwe zinagwira bwino ntchito poyesa koyamba - mapangidwe a lattice (mapangidwe a maselo a nthawi ndi nthawi) omangiriridwa ku tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta siliva - kenako zinawonjezedwa ku mzere woyesera. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo enieni (Siram ndi paraquat) anawonjezedwa ku zitsanzo za madzi a m'nyanja ndi madzi abwino ndipo anaikidwa pa mizere yoyesera kuti aunikenso SERS.
Madziwo amatengedwa kuchokera pakamwa pa mtsinje ku Aveiro, Portugal, komanso kuchokera ku mipope yomwe ili m'dera lomwelo, yomwe nthawi zonse imayesedwa kuti iwunikire bwino kuipitsidwa kwa madzi.
Ofufuzawo adapeza kuti mipiringidzoyo inatha kuzindikira mamolekyu awiri a mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kochepa ngati 1 micromole, komwe kuli kofanana ndi molekyu imodzi ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa mamolekyu amadzi miliyoni.
Pulofesa Shanmugam Kumar, wochokera ku Sukulu ya Uinjiniya ya James Watt ku Yunivesite ya Glasgow, ndi m'modzi mwa olemba nkhaniyi. Ntchitoyi imachokera pa kafukufuku wake wokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosindikiza wa 3D popanga ma lattice omangidwa ndi nanoengineered okhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera.
"Zotsatira za kafukufuku woyambirirayu ndizolimbikitsa kwambiri ndipo zikusonyeza kuti zipangizo zotsika mtengo izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga masensa a SERS kuti azindikire mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ngakhale pamlingo wochepa kwambiri."
Dr. Sara Fateixa wochokera ku CICECO Aveiro Materials Institute ku University of Aveiro, yemwenso ndi wolemba nawo pepalali, wapanga tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta plasma tomwe timathandizira ukadaulo wa SERS. Ngakhale pepalali likufufuza momwe dongosololi limagwirira ntchito pozindikira mitundu inayake ya zinthu zodetsa madzi, ukadaulowu ungagwiritsidwe ntchito mosavuta poyang'anira kupezeka kwa zinthu zodetsa madzi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-24-2024