Kugwiritsa ntchito masensa a nthaka kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito zaulimi ku India: maphunziro a milandu ndi kusanthula deta

Pamene kusintha kwa nyengo padziko lonse lapansi ndi kukula kwa anthu zikubweretsa mavuto ambiri pa ulimi, alimi ku India konse akugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo watsopano kuti akonze zokolola ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu. Pakati pa izi, kugwiritsa ntchito masensa a nthaka kukukhala gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusintha kwa ulimi, ndipo kwapeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Nazi zitsanzo zina ndi deta yosonyeza momwe masensa a nthaka angagwiritsidwire ntchito mu ulimi waku India.

Chitsanzo choyamba: Kuthirira koyenera ku Maharashtra
Chiyambi:
Maharashtra ndi limodzi mwa mayiko akuluakulu a ulimi ku India, koma lakhala likukumana ndi kusowa kwa madzi kwakukulu m'zaka zaposachedwa. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito madzi moyenera, boma la m'deralo lagwirizana ndi makampani aukadaulo waulimi kuti alimbikitse kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyezera nthaka m'midzi ingapo.

Kukhazikitsa:
Mu pulojekiti yoyesera, alimi adayika masensa owunikira chinyezi cha nthaka m'minda yawo. Masensa awa amatha kuyang'anira chinyezi cha nthaka nthawi yeniyeni ndikutumiza deta ku foni yam'manja ya mlimi. Kutengera deta yoperekedwa ndi masensa, alimi amatha kuwongolera bwino nthawi ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthirira.

Zotsatira:
Kusunga madzi: Ndi kuthirira molondola, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kwachepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 40%. Mwachitsanzo, pa famu ya mahekitala 50, ndalama zomwe zimasungidwa pamwezi zimafika pafupifupi ma cubic metres 2,000 a madzi.
Zokolola zabwino: Zokolola zawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 18% chifukwa cha ulimi wothirira wasayansi. Mwachitsanzo, zokolola zapakati pa thonje zawonjezeka kuchoka pa matani 1.8 mpaka 2.1 pa hekitala.
Kuchepetsa ndalama: Ndalama zamagetsi za alimi zogulira mapampu zachepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 30%, ndipo ndalama zothirira pa hekitala zachepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 20%.

Ndemanga kuchokera kwa alimi:
"Kale tinkada nkhawa kuti sitithirira mokwanira kapena mopitirira muyeso, tsopano ndi masensa awa titha kuwongolera bwino kuchuluka kwa madzi, mbewu zimakula bwino ndipo ndalama zomwe timapeza zawonjezeka," anatero mlimi wina yemwe anali nawo mu polojekitiyi.

Nkhani yachiwiri: Kudyetsa moyenera ku Punjab
Chiyambi:
Punjab ndiye malo okulirapo opanga chakudya ku India, koma feteleza wambiri wapangitsa kuti nthaka iwonongeke komanso kuipitsa chilengedwe. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, boma la m'deralo lalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyezera zakudya m'nthaka.

Kukhazikitsa:
Alimi ayika zida zoyezera zakudya m'nthaka m'minda yawo zomwe zimayang'anira kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni, phosphorous, potaziyamu ndi michere ina m'nthaka nthawi yeniyeni. Kutengera ndi deta yomwe yaperekedwa ndi zida zoyezera, alimi amatha kuwerengera molondola kuchuluka kwa feteleza wofunikira ndikugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wolondola.

Zotsatira:
Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kwachepa: Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kwachepa ndi pafupifupi 30 peresenti. Mwachitsanzo, pa famu ya mahekitala 100, ndalama zomwe zimasungidwa pamwezi pa ndalama zogulira feteleza zinali pafupifupi $5,000.
Zokolola zabwino: Zokolola zawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 15% chifukwa cha feteleza wasayansi. Mwachitsanzo, zokolola zapakati pa tirigu zawonjezeka kuchoka pa matani 4.5 mpaka 5.2 pa hekitala.
Kukonza chilengedwe: Vuto la kuipitsa nthaka ndi madzi lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi feteleza wambiri lakhala bwino kwambiri, ndipo ubwino wa nthaka wakwera ndi pafupifupi 10%.

Ndemanga kuchokera kwa alimi:
“Kale, nthawi zonse tinkada nkhawa kuti sitingaike feteleza wokwanira, tsopano ndi masensa awa, titha kuwongolera bwino kuchuluka kwa feteleza womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito, mbewu zimakula bwino, ndipo ndalama zomwe timawononga zimakhala zochepa,” anatero mlimi wina yemwe anali nawo mu polojekitiyi.

Nkhani 3: Kuyankha pa Kusintha kwa Nyengo ku Tamil Nadu
Chiyambi:
Tamil Nadu ndi limodzi mwa madera aku India omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa nyengo, ndipo nyengo imakhala yoipa kwambiri. Pofuna kuthana ndi nyengo yoipa monga chilala ndi mvula yambiri, alimi akumaloko amagwiritsa ntchito zida zoyezera nthaka kuti aziyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni komanso kuyankha mwachangu.

Kukhazikitsa:
Alimi ayika masensa owunikira chinyezi ndi kutentha kwa nthaka m'minda yawo omwe amayang'anira momwe nthaka ilili nthawi yeniyeni ndikutumiza detayo ku mafoni a alimi. Kutengera ndi deta yomwe masensa apereka, alimi amatha kusintha njira zothirira ndi kukhetsa madzi munthawi yake.

Chidule cha deta

Zotsatira:
Kuchepa kwa kutayika kwa mbewu: Kutayika kwa mbewu kunachepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 25 peresenti chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nthawi yake pa njira zothirira ndi kukhetsa madzi. Mwachitsanzo, pa famu ya mahekitala 200, kutayika kwa mbewu pambuyo pa mvula yamphamvu kunachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 10 peresenti kufika pa 7.5 peresenti.
Kuwongolera bwino madzi: Kudzera mu kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni komanso kuyankha mwachangu, madzi amayendetsedwa bwino mwasayansi, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito bwino madzi othirira kwawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 20%.
Ndalama za alimi zawonjezeka: Ndalama za alimi zawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 15% chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kutayika kwa mbewu ndi zokolola zambiri.

Ndemanga kuchokera kwa alimi:
"Kale tinkadandaula nthawi zonse za mvula yamphamvu kapena chilala, tsopano ndi masensa awa, titha kusintha miyeso pakapita nthawi, kutayika kwa mbewu kumachepa ndipo ndalama zathu zimawonjezeka," adatero mlimi wina yemwe anali nawo mu polojekitiyi.
Chiyembekezo chamtsogolo
Pamene ukadaulo ukupitirira, masensa a nthaka adzakhala anzeru komanso ogwira ntchito bwino. Masensa amtsogolo adzatha kuphatikiza zambiri zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe, monga mpweya wabwino, mvula, ndi zina zotero, kuti apereke chithandizo chokwanira kwa alimi. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wa Internet of Things (IoT), masensa a nthaka adzatha kulumikizana ndi zida zina zaulimi kuti azitha kuyang'anira ulimi bwino.

Polankhula pamsonkhano waposachedwa, nduna ya zaulimi ku India inati: "Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyezera nthaka ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusintha ulimi wa ku India. Tipitiliza kuthandizira chitukuko cha ukadaulo uwu ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kwakukulu kuti tikwaniritse chitukuko chokhazikika chaulimi."

Pomaliza, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoyezera nthaka ku India kwapeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri, osati kungowonjezera luso la ulimi, komanso kusintha miyoyo ya alimi. Pamene ukadaulo ukupitirira kupita patsogolo ndikufalikira, zipangizo zoyezera nthaka zidzachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusintha ulimi ku India.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za siteshoni ya nyengo,

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