Anemometer ya Ultrasonic

Malo okwerera nyengo ndi pulojekiti yotchuka yoyesera masensa osiyanasiyana achilengedwe, ndipo kapu yosavuta ya anemometer ndi weather vane nthawi zambiri zimasankhidwa kuti zidziwe liwiro la mphepo ndi komwe ikupita. Pa QingStation ya Jianjia Ma, adaganiza zopanga mtundu wina wa sensa ya mphepo: anemometer ya ultrasound.
Ma anemometer a ultrasonic alibe magawo osuntha, koma kusinthana kumeneku ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa zovuta zamagetsi. Amagwira ntchito poyesa nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti kugunda kwa mawu a ultrasound kuwonekere kwa wolandila pamtunda wodziwika. Kuwongolera kwa mphepo kumatha kuwerengedwa potengera kuwerengera kwa liwiro kuchokera pa ma sensa awiri a ultrasonic omwe ali olunjika kwa wina ndi mnzake ndikugwiritsa ntchito trigonometry yosavuta. Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa anemometer ya ultrasonic kumafuna kupanga mosamala kwa amplifier ya analog kumapeto kolandirira ndi kukonza kwakukulu kwa chizindikiro kuti atulutse chizindikiro cholondola kuchokera ku ma echoes achiwiri, kufalikira kwa njira zambiri, ndi phokoso lonse loyambitsidwa ndi chilengedwe. Kapangidwe ndi njira zoyesera zalembedwa bwino. Popeza [Jianjia] sanathe kugwiritsa ntchito ngalande ya mphepo poyesa ndi kuwerengera, adayika anemometer kwakanthawi padenga la galimoto yake ndikuchoka. Mtengo wotsatira umagwirizana ndi liwiro la GPS la galimotoyo, koma wokwera pang'ono. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha zolakwika zowerengera kapena zinthu zakunja monga kusokonezeka kwa mphepo kapena mpweya kuchokera ku galimoto yoyesera kapena magalimoto ena amsewu.
Masensa ena akuphatikizapo masensa a mvula, masensa a kuwala, masensa a kuwala ndi BME280 poyesa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, chinyezi ndi kutentha. Jianjia akukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito QingStation pa bwato lodziyimira lokha, kotero adawonjezeranso IMU, kampasi, GPS, ndi maikolofoni kuti azitha kumveka bwino.
Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa masensa, zamagetsi, ndi ukadaulo wa prototyping, kumanga malo ochitira nyengo payekha n'kosavuta kuposa kale lonse. Kupezeka kwa ma module a netiweki otsika mtengo kumatithandiza kuonetsetsa kuti zipangizozi za IoT zitha kutumiza zambiri zawo ku ma database a anthu onse, kupatsa madera am'deralo deta yoyenera ya nyengo m'malo awo.
Manolis Nikiforakis akuyesera kupanga Piramidi ya Nyengo, chipangizo choyezera nyengo chokhazikika, chopanda kukonza, chodziyimira pawokha cha mphamvu ndi kulumikizana chomwe chimapangidwira kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo waukulu. Nthawi zambiri, malo ochitira nyengo amakhala ndi masensa omwe amayesa kutentha, kuthamanga, chinyezi, liwiro la mphepo ndi mvula. Ngakhale kuti magawo ambiriwa amatha kuyezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito masensa a solid-state, kudziwa liwiro la mphepo, komwe ikupita, ndi mvula nthawi zambiri kumafuna mtundu wina wa chipangizo chamagetsi.
Kapangidwe ka masensa otere ndi kovuta komanso kovuta. Mukamakonzekera kuyika zinthu zazikulu, muyeneranso kuonetsetsa kuti ndizotsika mtengo, zosavuta kuyika, komanso sizifuna kukonza pafupipafupi. Kuthetsa mavuto onsewa kungayambitse kumanga malo odalirika komanso otsika mtengo a nyengo, omwe amatha kuyikidwa ambiri m'madera akutali.
Manolis ali ndi malingaliro ena amomwe angathetsere mavutowa. Akukonzekera kujambula liwiro la mphepo ndi komwe ikupita kuchokera ku accelerometer, gyroscope ndi compass mu inertial sensor unit (IMU) (mwina MPU-9150). Dongosolo lake ndikutsatira kayendedwe ka IMU sensor pamene ikugwedezeka momasuka pa chingwe, ngati pendulum. Wachita mawerengedwe ena pa nsalu yopukutira ndipo akuwoneka kuti ali ndi chidaliro kuti apereka zotsatira zomwe akufunikira poyesa prototype. Kuzindikira mvula kudzachitika pogwiritsa ntchito masensa opatsa mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito sensa yapadera monga MPR121 kapena ntchito yolumikizira mkati mu ESP32. Kapangidwe ndi malo a njira za electrode ndizofunikira kwambiri poyesa bwino mvula pozindikira madontho amvula. Kukula, mawonekedwe ndi kugawa kulemera kwa nyumba yomwe sensayo imayikidwamo ndikofunikira kwambiri chifukwa zimakhudza kutalika, kutsimikiza ndi kulondola kwa chidacho. Manolis akugwira ntchito pamalingaliro angapo opanga omwe akukonzekera kuyesa asanasankhe ngati malo onse a nyengo adzakhala mkati mwa nyumba yozungulira kapena masensa omwe ali mkati.
Chifukwa cha chidwi chake pa za nyengo, [Karl] adamanga malo ochitirako zochitika za nyengo. Chatsopano mwa izi ndi chowunikira mphepo cha ultrasonic, chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yowuluka ya ma ultrasound kuti chidziwe liwiro la mphepo.
Sensa ya Carla imagwiritsa ntchito ma transducer anayi a ultrasound, olunjika kumpoto, kum'mwera, kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo, kuti azindikire liwiro la mphepo. Poyesa nthawi yomwe ultrasound imatenga kuti iyende pakati pa masensa m'chipinda ndikuchotsa miyeso ya munda, timapeza nthawi youluka pa mzere uliwonse komanso liwiro la mphepo.
Ichi ndi chiwonetsero chodabwitsa cha njira zopangira uinjiniya, limodzi ndi lipoti la kapangidwe kake lodabwitsa.