Udindo Wofunika Kwambiri wa Machenjezo Oyambirira a Mitsinje Yam'mapiri Yomwe Imachitika Kawirikawiri

Kutengera ndi zomwe takambirana zokhudza masoka aposachedwa a kusefukira kwa madzi m'mapiri m'maiko ngati Thailand ndi Nepal, mfundo yaikulu yochepetsera masoka masiku ano ili pakusintha kuchoka pa kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kupita pa kupewa mwachangu.

Zipangizo zamakono zomwe mwatchulazi—radar yamadzi, zoyezera mvula, ndi zoyezera kusamuka—ndizo zofunika kwambiri popanga dongosolo la “kuteteza kogwira ntchito”.

Kuteteza Kukulimbikitsa Ukadaulo: "Maso ndi Makutu" a Dongosolo Lochenjeza Anthu Oyambirira za Kugwa kwa Matope ndi Kusefukira kwa Madzi

Mitsinje ya m'mapiri imadziwika ndi kuyamba kwawo mwadzidzidzi, nthawi yochepa, komanso mphamvu yowononga. Chenjezo loyambirira la mphindi zochepa kapena maola ochepa ndilo chinsinsi chopulumutsa miyoyo. Zipangizo zitatu zomwe mwalembazi zimapanga netiweki yowunikira yonse, yokhala ndi magawo ambiri.

1. Zoyezera Mvula ndi Rada ya Madzi: Kuneneratu za Chigumula

• Ma Gauge a Mvula (Kuyang'anira Malo): Izi ndi zida zofunika komanso zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimayesa mwachindunji mvula yeniyeni pamalo enaake. Dongosololi limayambitsa alamu yokha pamene mvula ikupitirira malire a zoopsa zomwe zakhazikitsidwa kale.
• Radar ya Madzi (Kuyang'anira Malo): Ukadaulo uwu umayang'anira kuchuluka kwa mvula, komwe imayenda, ndi liwiro lake pamalo akuluakulu, ukugwira ntchito ngati "CT scanner" ya thambo. Umadzaza mipata pakati pa malo oyezera mvula, umaneneratu momwe mvula ingagwere m'mitsinje yonse, ndipo umathandiza kulosera msanga zoopsa za kusefukira kwa madzi.

Kugwirizana ndi Zochitika Zaposachedwa: Pa masoka aposachedwa ku Nepal ndi Thailand, ngati njira yochenjeza anthu ikanatha kusanthula bwino zigwa ndi midzi yomwe ingagwe chifukwa cha "mvula yamphamvu yopitirira," zikanatenga nthawi yamtengo wapatali kuti anthu okhala m'mphepete mwa mtsinje asamuke.

2. Zoyezera Zosamuka ndi Zoyezera Chinyezi cha Dothi: Kuzindikira "Kusuntha" ndi Chenjezo la Masoka Achiwiri

Kusefukira kwa madzi m'mapiri nthawi zambiri kumayenderana ndi kugwa kwa nthaka ndi zinyalala, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala "zakupha zosaoneka" zomwe zimayambitsa imfa zambiri.

• Masensa Othawirako: Akaikidwa pamalo ofunikira pamalo otsetsereka omwe angagwere pansi, masensawa amatha kuzindikira mayendedwe ang'onoang'ono m'thanthwe ndi nthaka. Akangopezeka kuti kutsetsereka kosazolowereka kwapezeka, chenjezo la kutsetsereka kwa nthaka nthawi yomweyo limaperekedwa.
• Zoyezera Chinyezi cha Dothi: Izi zimayang'anira kuchuluka kwa nthaka yomwe yadzaza. Mvula yopitirira imadzaza nthaka, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kukangana ndi kukhazikika kwake. Deta iyi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu chowunikira kukhazikika kwa mtunda.

Kugwirizana ndi Zochitika Zaposachedwa: Pa kusefukira kwa madzi ndi matope omwe adagwa m'chigawo cha Darjeeling ku India, masensa othawirako akanatha kuzindikira msanga kusakhazikika kwa mapiri, kupereka alamu isanachitike ngoziyi kuti apewe kapena kuchepetsa anthu omwe avulala.

3. Ma Model a Madzi ndi Mapulatifomu Ochenjeza: "Ubongo Wanzeru" Wopangira Zisankho

Deta yonse yomwe yasonkhanitsidwa ndi masensa omwe ali pamwambapa imaperekedwa nthawi yomweyo ku nsanja yochenjeza yapakati. Nsanja iyi, yokhala ndi mitundu yamadzi ndi ma algorithms a AI, imatha:

• Yendetsani Ma Simulations a Nthawi Yeniyeni: Yerekezerani mwachangu kupangika, kuchuluka, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa madzi osefukira kutengera deta ya mvula yamoyo.
• Perekani Machenjezo Olondola: Pangani mamapu a kusefukira kwa madzi ndikuwerengera nthawi yoyerekeza yofika kuti madzi osefukira afike kumidzi ndi matauni omwe ali pansi pa mtsinje.
• Yambitsani Machenjezo Olunjika: Gawani machenjezo a magawo (monga, Buluu, Wachikasu, Lalanje, Wofiira) kwa anthu okhala m'malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo kudzera pa mapulogalamu a pafoni, SMS, zokuzira mawu, ndi TV, zomwe zimathandiza kuti anthu asamuke “molondola” komanso kupewa mantha.

Chitsanzo: Machitidwe a "Mzere Wachitatu Wodzitetezera" wa ku China

Pulogalamu ya dziko lonse ya ku China yoletsa kugwa kwa nthaka ndi kusefukira kwa madzi ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Nkhani zaposachedwa zimatchula nthawi zambiri kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira yopewera yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri pa "Kuwunika ndi Kuchenjeza, Kupewa Anthu Ambiri, ndi Kusamutsa Anthu Mwadzidzidzi."

• Nkhani: China yapanga netiweki yochuluka ya malo ochitira mvula ndi madzi m'malo ofunikira, pogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri radar ndi satellite remote sensing kuti apange First Defense Line (Kuwunika ndi Kuchenjeza).
• Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Pamene dongosololi likulosera kuti mtsinje wa m'phiri udzasefukira mkati mwa maola awiri, mauthenga ochenjeza amatumizidwa mwachindunji kwa mtsogoleri wa mudzi ndi foni ya munthu aliyense wa mudzi. Nthawi yomweyo, ma siren ochenjeza a mudzi amalira, ndipo ogwira ntchito mwanzeru nthawi yomweyo amakonza zoti anthu omwe ali m'dera loopsa achoke kupita kumadera otetezeka omwe akhazikitsidwa kale m'njira zomwe zakonzedwa kale. Izi zimayambitsa Mzere Wachiwiri (Woteteza Anthu Ambiri) ndi Mzere Wachitatu Woteteza Anthu (Wosamutsa Anthu Mwadzidzidzi).

Mapeto

Mwachidule, zida zomwe mudafunsa—radar yamadzi, ma gauge amvula, ndi masensa osunthika—si zowonetsera zaukadaulo zokha. Ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri popanga chingwe chothandizira anthu. Kufunika kwawo kumawonekera mu:

• Kugula Nthawi: Kusintha masoka kuchoka pa "mwadzidzidzi" kupita pa "odziwikiratu," kugula zenera lagolide lothawirako.
• Kuzindikira Zolinga: Kuzindikira molondola madera omwe ali pachiwopsezo kuti zinthu ziyende bwino (kupewa zoopsa).
• Kuchepetsa Ovulala: Ichi ndiye cholinga chachikulu cha ndalama zonse zaukadaulo komanso phunziro lofunika kwambiri lomwe tiyenera kuphunzira kuchokera ku tsoka lililonse, monga lomwe lachitika posachedwapa ku Thailand ndi Nepal.

Ukadaulo sungalepheretse masoka achilengedwe kotheratu. Komabe, njira yochenjeza anthu za kugwa kwa nthaka ndi kusefukira kwa madzi ingathandize kusintha kwambiri mkhalidwe wathu tikakumana ndi masokawa, kusintha maganizo athu kuchoka pa “kukhulupirira kuti zinthu zidzachitikadi” kupita ku “kuyankha kwa sayansi.”

Seti yonse ya ma seva ndi mapulogalamu opanda zingwe, imathandizira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN

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