Mu 2023, anthu 153 adamwalira ndi matenda a dengue ku Kerala, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti 32% yaimfa za dengue ku India. Bihar ndi dziko lomwe lili ndi chiwerengero chachiwiri chachikulu cha anthu omwe amwalira ndi dengue, pomwe anthu 74 okha amwalira ndi dengue, ochepera theka la anthu aku Kerala. Chaka chapitacho, wasayansi yanyengo Roxy Mathew Call, yemwe anali akugwira ntchito yolosera za mliri wa dengue, adapita kwa a Kerala akusintha kwanyengo komanso mkulu wa zaumoyo kupempha ndalama zothandizira ntchitoyi. Gulu lake ku Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) lapanga chitsanzo chofanana cha Pune. Dr Khil, wasayansi yanyengo ku Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), adati, "Izi zipindulitsa kwambiri dipatimenti ya zaumoyo ku Kerala chifukwa zithandizira kuwunika mosamala komanso kuchitapo kanthu popewa matenda." nodal officer.
Zomwe adapatsidwa zinali maimelo ovomerezeka a Director of Public Health ndi Deputy Director of Public Health. Ngakhale maimelo azikumbutso ndi mameseji, palibe data yomwe idaperekedwa.
Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito ku data yamvula. "Ndikuwona bwino, kulosera koyenera, machenjezo olondola ndi mfundo zolondola, miyoyo yambiri ingapulumutsidwe," atero Dr Cole, yemwe adalandira mphotho yapamwamba kwambiri yasayansi ku India chaka chino, Mphotho ya Vigyan Yuva Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Geologist. Adalankhula mawu otchedwa 'Climate: Whats Pang in the balance' ku Manorama Conclave ku Thiruvananthapuram Lachisanu.
Dr Cole adanena kuti chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo, Western Ghats ndi Nyanja ya Arabia kumbali zonse za Kerala zakhala ngati ziwanda ndi nyanja. "Nyengo sikungosintha, ikusintha mwachangu," adatero. Njira yokhayo, adatero, ndikupanga Kerala wochezeka. "Tiyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pamlingo wa panchayat. Misewu, sukulu, nyumba, zipangizo zina ndi malo olimapo ayenera kusinthidwa kuti agwirizane ndi kusintha kwa nyengo," adatero.
Choyamba, adati, Kerala iyenera kupanga njira yowunikira komanso yothandiza kwambiri yowunikira nyengo. Pa Julayi 30, tsiku la kugwa kwa nthaka ku Wayanad, India Meteorological Department (IMD) ndi Kerala State Disaster Management Authority (KSDMA) adatulutsa mamapu awiri oyezera mvula. Malinga ndi mapu a KSDMA, Wayanad adalandira mvula yambiri (yoposa 115mm) ndi mvula yambiri pa July 30, komabe, IMD imapereka mawerengedwe anayi osiyanasiyana a Wayanad: mvula yambiri, mvula yambiri, mvula yochepa ndi mvula yochepa;
Malinga ndi mapu a IMD, madera ambiri ku Thiruvananthapuram ndi Kollam adalandira mvula yochepa kwambiri, koma KSDMA inanena kuti zigawo ziwirizi zinalandira mvula yochepa. "Sitingathe kulekerera masiku ano. Tiyenera kupanga makina owonetsetsa nyengo ku Kerala kuti timvetse bwino ndikudziwiratu nyengo," adatero Dr Kohl. "Zidziwitso izi ziyenera kupezeka poyera," adatero.
Ku Kerala kuli sukulu makilomita atatu aliwonse. Masukuluwa amatha kukhala ndi zida zowongolera nyengo. "Sukulu iliyonse imatha kukhala ndi zida zoyezera mvula ndi zida zoyezera kutentha. Mu 2018, sukulu ina idayang'anira mvula ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi mumtsinje wa Meenachil ndikupulumutsa mabanja 60 kunsi kwa mtsinje polosera kusefukira kwa madzi," adatero.
Momwemonso, masukulu amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu ya solar komanso kukhala ndi matanki otungira madzi amvula. "Mwanjira iyi, ophunzira sangangodziwa za kusintha kwa nyengo, komanso kukonzekera," adatero. Deta yawo idzakhala gawo la netiweki yowunikira.
Komabe, kulosera kusefukira kwamadzi ndi kugumuka kwa nthaka kumafuna mgwirizano ndi mgwirizano wa madipatimenti angapo, monga geology ndi hydrology, kuti apange zitsanzo. “Tikhoza kuchita izi,” iye anatero.
Zaka khumi zilizonse, mtunda wa mamita 17 umatayika. Dr Cole wa ku Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology adati madzi a m’nyanja akwera mamilimita atatu pachaka kuyambira 1980, kapena ma centimita atatu pazaka khumi. Ananenanso kuti ngakhale akuwoneka ang'onoang'ono, ngati malo otsetsereka ndi madigiri 0.1 okha, mtunda wa mita 17 udzakokoloka. "Ndi nkhani yakale yomweyi. Pofika chaka cha 2050, madzi a m'nyanja adzakwera ndi mamilimita 5 pachaka," adatero.
Mofananamo, kuyambira 1980, chiŵerengero cha namondwe chawonjezeka ndi 50 peresenti ndipo nthawi yake ndi 80 peresenti, adatero. Panthawi imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa mvula yamphamvu kuwirikiza katatu. Iye adati pofika m’chaka cha 2050, mvula idzakwera ndi 10% pa digiri iliyonse ya Selsiasi yomwe ikukwera kutentha.
Impact of Land Use Change Kafukufuku pa Trivandrum's Urban Heat Island (UHI) (mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza kuti madera akumidzi amakhala otentha kuposa madera akumidzi) anapeza kuti kutentha m'madera omangika kapena m'nkhalango za konkire kumakwera kufika pa 30. 82 digiri Celsius poyerekeza ndi 25.92 digiri Celsius. mu 1988 - kulumpha pafupifupi madigiri 5 m'zaka 34.
Kafukufuku woperekedwa ndi Dr. Cole adawonetsa kuti m'malo otseguka kutentha kudzauka kuchokera ku 25.92 madigiri Celsius mu 1988 mpaka 26.8 madigiri Celsius mu 2022. M'madera omwe ali ndi zomera, kutentha kunakwera kuchokera ku 26.61 madigiri Celsius mpaka 30,82 madigiri Celsius mu 2022, kudumpha kwa madigiri 4,21.
Kutentha kwa madzi kunalembedwa pa madigiri 25.21 Celsius, kutsika pang'ono kuposa madigiri 25.66 Celsius olembedwa mu 1988, kutentha kunali 24,33 madigiri Celsius;
Dr Cole adati kutentha kwapamwamba komanso kotsika pachilumba chotentha cha likululi kudakweranso pang'onopang'ono panthawiyi. “Kusintha kotereku kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka nthaka kungapangitsenso kuti nthaka ikhale pachiwopsezo cha kusefukira kwa nthaka ndi kusefukira kwa madzi,” iye anatero.
Dr Cole adati kuthana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo kumafuna njira ziwiri: kuchepetsa ndi kusintha. "Kuchepetsa kusintha kwa nyengo tsopano sikungatheke. Izi ziyenera kuchitika padziko lonse lapansi. Kerala iyenera kuganizira za kusintha. KSDMA yapeza malo otentha. Perekani zipangizo zoyendetsera nyengo ku panchayat iliyonse," adatero.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-23-2024