Kupatula zithunzi za satellite ndi zitsanzo za nyengo, kayendetsedwe ka zida zambiri zosavuta zamakaniko kakulemba deta yofunikira kwambiri ya dziko lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi chilala ndi kusefukira kwa madzi.
M'mapiri a Sierra Norte ku Oaxaca, choyezera mvula chofiira chomwe chili pamalo ochitira nyengo ya anthu ammudzi chinalemba mvula yokwana mamilimita 1,200 nyengo yatha. Makilomita mazana anayi kuchokera ku Guanajuato, choyezera chomwecho "chinameza" mamilimita 280 okha—osakwana kotala la kuchuluka kwake.
Zochita ziwiri zosavuta izi zimalankhula bwino kuposa lipoti lililonse, zikuwulula chowonadi choopsa cha zenizeni za madzi ku Mexico: kugawa kosalingana kwakukulu. Dzikoli likukumana ndi chilala chachikulu kumpoto, kusefukira kwa madzi m'nyengo kum'mwera, komanso kuchotsedwa kwa madzi m'madzi apansi panthaka mdziko lonse. Poyang'anizana ndi vuto lovutali, opanga zisankho akuzindikira kuti mapulojekiti akuluakulu amadzi ndi mawu osungira madzi ayenera kumangidwa pa funso lofunika kwambiri: Kodi tili ndi madzi angati kwenikweni?
Yankho la "chowonadi" la funsoli limadalira kwambiri ma gauge a mvula omwe akuoneka ngati akale omwe ali m'mapiri, m'zigwa, m'minda, ndi padenga la mizinda.
Kusonkhanitsa Anthu Padziko Lonse: Kuchokera ku Desert Desert kupita ku Monitoring Network
M'mbuyomu, panali mipata yayikulu mu deta ya mvula ku Mexico, makamaka m'madera akumidzi ndi m'mapiri. Kuyambira mu 2020, National Water Commission, mogwirizana ndi mabungwe monga German Society for International Cooperation, yapititsa patsogolo Ndondomeko ya National Precipitation Observation Network Enhancement. Njira yaikulu ndiyo kuyika malo ambiri oyezera mvula omwe ndi otsika mtengo komanso osavuta kusamalira m'malo omwe sangafikire malo oyeretsera mvula achikhalidwe.
- Mfundo Yosankha: M'madera akutali omwe ali ndi bajeti yochepa komanso mphamvu zochepa zosamalira, kudalirika kwa makina, kusowa kwa mphamvu yakunja (solar panel imatha kuyika mphamvu mu data logger), komanso kusavutikira kuzindikira malo (kuyang'ana, kumvetsera, kuyeretsa) zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chosavuta.
- Kukhazikitsa Deta Yachidemokalase: Deta iyi imatumizidwa nthawi yomweyo ku database ya dziko lonse ndipo imaperekedwa kwa maboma am'deralo, ofufuza, komanso alimi omwe ali ndi chidwi kudzera pa nsanja yotseguka ya pa intaneti. Deta yasintha kuchoka ku archive yachinsinsi kukhala chuma cha anthu onse.
Zochitika Zofunikira pa Kugwiritsa Ntchito: “Kuwerengera Ndalama” kwa Madzi Oyendetsedwa ndi Deta
Chitsanzo 1: "Chiwerengero Chabwino" cha Inshuwalansi ya Ulimi
Ku Sinaloa, limodzi mwa madera ofunikira kwambiri a ulimi ku Mexico, chilala chotsatizana ndi mvula yosasinthasintha zimavutitsa alimi. Boma ndi makampani a inshuwalansi achinsinsi adagwirizana kuti ayambe "inshuwaransi yowerengera nyengo." Malipiro sakudaliranso kuwunika kuwonongeka kwaumwini koma amangodalira deta ya mvula yochuluka kuchokera ku magauji angapo a tipping bucket m'dera lomwe lafotokozedwa. Ngati mvula yanyengo igwa pansi pa malire a mgwirizano, malipiro amayamba okha. Deta ya mvula imakhala umboni wa zomwe mlimi akufuna komanso njira yothandiza.
Chitsanzo Chachiwiri: Chigumula cha M'mizinda "Wofalitsa Uthenga"
Ku Mexico City, mzinda waukulu womwe unamangidwa pa gombe la nyanja, kusefukira kwa madzi m'mizinda ndi chiwopsezo chosatha. Akuluakulu a boma ayika malo ambiri osungira madzi m'malo otsetsereka a m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso m'malo otsetsereka a madzi. Deta yeniyeni ya mvula yomwe amapereka ndi yokhudza chitsanzo cha kusefukira kwa madzi mumzindawu. Pamene malo ambiri amalemba "kuchuluka kwa madzi" m'kanthawi kochepa, malo osungira madzi amatha kupereka machenjezo olondola kumadera omwe ali pansi pa mtsinjewo mphindi 30-90 pasadakhale ndikutumiza ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi.
Chitsanzo Chachitatu: “Ledger” Yoyang'anira Madzi a Pansi pa Dziko
Ku Guanajuato, komwe kumadalira kwambiri madzi apansi panthaka, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a ulimi kumalumikizidwa mwalamulo ndi kupezeka kwa madzi. Mabungwe ogwiritsa ntchito madzi am'deralo adakhazikitsa maukonde owunikira magauji a zidebe m'malo osungira madzi. Deta iyi imawerengera kuchuluka kwa madzi apansi panthaka pachaka, ndikupanga maziko asayansi ogawa kuchuluka kwa madzi a ulimi. Mvula imakhala chuma chamadzi choyezera chomwe "chiyenera kuwerengedwa" ndi "kugawidwa."
Chitsanzo Chachinayi: "Buku Lotsogolera Anthu Omwe Akukhala M'dera" Lokhudza Kusintha kwa Nyengo
Ku Yucatán Peninsula, alimi a m'dera la Maya amagwiritsa ntchito deta yochokera ku malo osungiramo zinthu zopatsa mphamvu m'deralo, kuphatikiza ndi chidziwitso chachikhalidwe, kuti asinthe nthawi yobzala ndi mitundu ya chimanga ndi nyemba. Sadaliranso zizindikiro zachilengedwe zokha koma awerengera deta yakale kuti azitha kusintha bwino nyengo yamvula yomwe ikuchulukirachulukira.
Mavuto ndi Zatsopano Zakumaloko
Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo "wosavuta" uwu ku Mexico kumafuna kuzolowera zovuta zapadera:
- UV Wamphamvu ndi Kutentha: Zigawo zapulasitiki wamba zimawonongeka mwachangu. Ma geji amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zokhazikika pa UV ndi zigawo zachitsulo.
- Fumbi: Mphepo yamkuntho ya fumbi yomwe imadutsa nthawi zambiri imatseka funnel. Njira zosamalira m'deralo zimaphatikizapo kuyeretsa nthawi zonse ndi maburashi ofewa ndi zopumira mpweya.
- Kusokoneza Zinyama: M'munda, tizilombo, abuluzi, ndi nyama zazing'ono zimatha kulowa. Kukhazikitsa mauna abwino ndi malo oteteza nyama kwakhala kofala.
Tsogolo: Kuchokera ku "Madontho" Otalikirana Kupita ku "Web" Yanzeru
Choyezera chimodzi cha tipping bucket ndi malo opezera deta. Anthu mazana ambiri akalumikizidwa ku netiweki ndikuphatikizidwa ndi masensa a chinyezi cha nthaka ndi kuyerekezera kwa mvula ya satellite kuti zitsimikizidwe, mtengo wawo umasintha moyenerera. Mabungwe ofufuza aku Mexico akugwiritsa ntchito deta yolondola iyi kuti ayese ndikukonza mitundu ya mvula yochokera ku satellite, ndikupanga mamapu olondola kwambiri ogawa mvula mdziko lonse.
Kutsiliza: Kuteteza Ulemu wa Makina mu Nthawi ya Digito
Mu nthawi yomwe ikulamulidwa ndi lidar, radar ya nyengo yokhazikika, ndi zitsanzo za kuneneratu za AI, kufunika kosatha kwa tipping bucket rain gauge ndi phunziro lofunika kwambiri pa "ukadaulo woyenera." Sichitsata zovuta zenizeni koma chimayesetsa kukhala chodalirika, chokhazikika, komanso chopezeka mosavuta mkati mwa nkhani inayake.
Kwa Mexico, zidebe zachitsulo izi zomwe zili m'dziko lonselo sizimangoyesa mamilimita a mvula yokha. Akulemba buku lofunika kwambiri la chitetezo cha madzi mdzikolo, kuwonjezera maziko oyenera pakulimba mtima kwa anthu ammudzi, ndikukumbutsa aliyense mwanjira yolunjika momwe angathere: dontho lililonse la mvula ndi nkhani yokhudza kupulumuka ndi chitukuko. Mu polojekiti yayikuluyi yofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa dzikolo, nthawi zina yankho lothandiza kwambiri limakhala mkati mwa "chidebe chotsika" chosavuta, cholimba, komanso chosatopa.
Seti yonse ya ma seva ndi mapulogalamu opanda zingwe, imathandizira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza mvula zambiri,
chonde lemberani Honde Technology Co., LTD.
Email: info@hondetech.com
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Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-10-2025