Ngakhale dziko lapansi likuyang'ana kwambiri pa kapangidwe ka mtsogolo ka THE LINE, netiweki yomvera yomwe ili m'maziko a mizinda yatsopano, minda yamafuta, ndi malo opatulika ikupuma mwakachetechete, kupereka chitetezo chofunikira komanso deta yofunikira pakusintha kwakukulu kumeneku.
Pansi pa chipululu chachikulu cha Eastern Province ku Saudi Arabia, malo akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi opangira mafuta a Ghawar amachotsa migolo mamiliyoni ambiri yamafuta osapangidwa tsiku lililonse. Pamwamba pa nthaka, njira ina yosavuta yochotsera mafuta imagwira ntchito maola 24 pa tsiku, masiku 7 pa sabata: masensa ambirimbiri a gasi "amakumba" mpweya wotentha kuti apeze zambiri zokhudza haidrojeni, hydrogen sulfide, mpweya woyaka, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zosakhazikika, zomwe zimateteza chuma cha dzikolo.
Ichi ndi chiyambi chabe. Kuyambira mapulojekiti a mzinda wanzeru wa Riyadh omwe akukula mpaka ku NEOM yamtsogolo m'mphepete mwa nyanja yofiira ndi mzinda woyera wa Makkah, womwe umalandira anthu mamiliyoni ambiri oyendayenda a Hajj chaka chilichonse, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wokhazikika pa "kuzindikira zosaoneka" kukuthandizira mwakachetechete Masomphenya akulu a dzikolo a 2030.
Oyendetsa Zinthu Zazikulu: Chifukwa Chiyani Saudi Arabia? Chifukwa Chiyani Tsopano?
Kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito za masensa ku Saudi Arabia kumayendetsedwa ndi mainjini atatu amphamvu:
- Chofunika Kwambiri pa Kusiyanasiyana kwa Zachuma: Pakati pa Masomphenya a 2030 pali kuchepetsa kudalira mafuta mwa kupanga mafakitale, zokopa alendo, ndi ukadaulo wamtsogolo. Makampani onse atsopano amamangidwa pa maziko awiri a "chitetezo" ndi "chikhalire."
- Chitetezo cha Mafakitale: Kukula kwa magawo osakhala amafuta monga mankhwala a petrochemical, migodi, ndi kuchotsa mchere m'madzi kumabweretsa zofunikira zovuta zowunikira mpweya woyaka komanso wapoizoni.
- Kukhala ndi Moyo Wabwino M'mizinda: Kupanga mizinda yanzeru yokhalamo (monga NEOM) kumafuna maukonde owunikira mpweya nthawi yeniyeni ngati umboni wa kudzipereka kwa chilengedwe.
- Mbiri ya Ulendo: Kuonetsetsa kuti anthu onse ali otetezeka m'madera omwe anthu ambiri amakhala, monga mapulojekiti oyendera alendo ku Red Sea, gombe la Jeddah, ndi mizinda yopatulika.
- Mavuto a Malo Ovuta Kwambiri: Malo a Saudi Arabia okha ndi malo otsimikizira ukadaulo.
- Kutentha Kwambiri ndi Fumbi: Kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku nthawi zambiri kumapitirira 45°C ndi mphepo yamkuntho yamchenga yobwerezabwereza, zomwe zimafuna kuti masensa azikhala olimba kwambiri pa chilengedwe.
- Malo Owononga: Mpweya wokhala ndi mchere wambiri m'mapulojekiti a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi hydrogen sulfide m'malo amafuta ndi gasi zimayambitsa mavuto aakulu pazinthu.
- Kukankhira kwa Dziko Lonse: Ndalama zambiri zomwe bungwe la Saudi Public Investment Fund (PIF) linayika zilolezo ku mapulojekiti a "greenfield" monga NEOM kuti aphatikize ma network a masensa mu pulani ya mzinda kuyambira tsiku loyamba—zofunikira monga madzi ndi magetsi—m'malo mongokonzanso zinthu.
Zochitika Zinayi Zogwiritsira Ntchito Mwanzeru
Chitsanzo 1: “Akuluakulu Oteteza Zinthu Pa Intaneti” a The Energy Giant
M'malo oyendetsedwa ndi Saudi Aramco, kuyang'anira gasi kwasintha kuchoka pa "ma alarm a m'deralo" kupita ku "chitetezo chodziwikiratu." Ma fiber optics a Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) omwe ali m'mapaipi sangathe kungozindikira kutayikira kwa hydrocarbon pang'ono komanso amachenjeza za dzimbiri kapena zoopsa zosokoneza anthu ena asanayambe kuphwanya kwa thupi pofufuza kusintha kwa kutentha ndi mawu. Izi zikunena za kuteteza chuma cha madola mabiliyoni ambiri.
Chitsanzo Chachiwiri: "Makina Opumira" a Mzinda wa NEOM wa Mtsogolo
Mu mapulani a NEOM, netiweki ya masensa ndi yofunika kwambiri pa "gawo lake la kuzindikira." Iyenera kuyang'anira zodetsa zachilengedwe (PM2.5, NOx) ndikutsatira mamapu a kuchuluka kwa CO₂ kuti iwone momwe ntchito yochotsa mpweya m'mlengalenga imagwirira ntchito, ngakhale kupereka deta yeniyeni yowunikira katundu wa "carbon credit" wa mzindawo. Pano, masensa amagwira ntchito ngati owerengera ndalama zachilengedwe komanso owerengera ndalama.
Chitsanzo Chachitatu: “Khoti Loteteza Anthu” Lopatulika la Makkah
Panthawi ya Hajj, Mzikiti Wamkulu ku Makkah umasunga anthu opitilira 2 miliyoni. Pa kuchulukana kotereku, kuchuluka kwa carbon monoxide, kuchepa kwa okosijeni, kapena kutuluka kwa mpweya woyaka ndi koopsa kwambiri. Saudi Civil Defense imagwiritsa ntchito ma micro-sensor arrays opanda zingwe, olumikizidwa pamalo ofunikira opumira mpweya, njira zapansi panthaka, komanso malo ogona kwakanthawi. "Crowd Safety Sensory Network" iyi ikuwonetsa kuyenda kwa mpweya ndi kufalikira kwa mpweya nthawi yeniyeni, zomwe zimathandiza kusintha kwa mpweya ndi kutsogolera anthu ambiri asanakumane ndi zoopsa.
Chitsanzo Chachinayi: "Malo Otsimikizira Ukadaulo Wobiriwira" a Sovereign Fund
Cholinga cha polojekiti yoyendera alendo ya "Red Sea Global" yothandizidwa ndi PIF ndi kukhala muyezo wapadziko lonse lapansi woyendera alendo mokhazikika. Malo osungira madzi otayira m'zilumbazi komanso malo osungiramo zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi haidrojeni ali ndi njira zamakono zodziwira kutuluka kwa methane ndi haidrojeni. Deta iyi si yotetezeka kokha pakugwira ntchito komanso ngati umboni wofunikira wotsimikizira lonjezo lake la "100% lopanda mpweya woipa" kwa anthu apadziko lonse lapansi.
Ukadaulo ndi Zochitika Zamsika
- Zokonda zaukadaulo:
- Mafuta ndi Gasi: Ma sensor a infrared (NDIR) ndi catalytic bead ndi ofanana, ogwirizana kwambiri ndi laser absorption spectroscopy kuti azitha kulondola bwino komanso kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino.
- Mizinda ndi Zachilengedwe: Masensa otsika mtengo, amagetsi ndi a metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa maukonde okhala ndi anthu ambiri.
- Zochitika Zamtsogolo: Masensa a m'badwo wotsatira pogwiritsa ntchito photoacoustic spectroscopy ndi quantum sensing, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi ofunikira kwambiri komanso ocheperako, akufufuzidwa pa ntchito zomwe zikuyang'ana mtsogolo monga NEOM.
- Makiyi Opezera Msika:
- Satifiketi Yapadziko Lonse Ndi Tikiti: Ku Saudi Arabia, makamaka pankhani ya mphamvu, satifiketi yapadziko lonse lapansi monga ATEX, IECEx, ndi SIL2 ndi zofunikira zolowera zomwe sizingakambirane.
- Mgwirizano Wakumaloko Ndi Njira: Kugwirizana ndi zolinga za Masomphenya a 2030 (mongaKusambitsa thupi), kupanga mabizinesi ogwirizana kapena mgwirizano wakuya ndi othandizira akumaloko ndi njira yofunika kwambiri kwa ogulitsa akunja.
Mavuto ndi Kuganizira: Kupitirira Deta, Kupita ku Nzeru
Ngakhale kuti ntchitoyi yachitika mwachangu, mavuto akupitirirabe:
- Deta “Silos”: Chidziwitso chochokera ku mabungwe a mphamvu, a boma, ndi azachilengedwe sichinaphatikizidwe mokwanira, zomwe zimalepheretsa kusanthula kwa magawo osiyanasiyana.
- "Mpikisano Wachipululu" Wokonza: Kuonetsetsa kuti ma network a masensa akugwira ntchito bwino komanso nthawi zonse m'malo akutali amafuta kapena m'zipululu zazikulu ndi vuto lalikulu pakukonzekera zinthu komanso mtengo wake.
- "Malo Otsiriza" Kuchokera pa Kuwunika Kupita ku Utsogoleri: Mayeso enieni a ROI ndi kumasulira bwino deta yayikulu kukhala mfundo za m'mizinda, kukonza mafakitale, kapena malangizo azaumoyo wa anthu.
Kutsiliza: Kupitirira Chitetezo, Kufotokoza Tsogolo
Ku Saudi Arabia, ntchito ya masensa a gasi yakula kwambiri kuposa "kuzindikira kutuluka kwa madzi." Akusanduka njira yodziwira deta mwanzeru:
- Pazachuma, ndi oteteza chuma komanso okonza magwiridwe antchito.
- Pazachilengedwe, iwo ndi otsimikizira malonjezo obiriwira ndi miyezo yogwiritsira ntchito polimbana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo.
- M'magulu, iwo ndi oteteza chitetezo cha anthu ambiri komanso otsimikizira kuti mtsogolo m'mizinda mudzakhala anthu okhalamo.
Pamene Saudi Arabia ikuyesera kulemba chaputala chatsopano cha anthu okhala m'chipululu, mphuno zamagetsi zopanda phokoso izi ndizofunikira kwambiri poonetsetsa kuti nkhani yayikuluyi siyikusokonezedwa ndi zoopsa zosaoneka. Samva mpweya wokha, komanso mpweya wozama komanso kugunda kwa dziko lomwe likusintha lokha—kuika patsogolo chitetezo, kukhazikika, ndi ulamuliro wanzeru.
Seti yonse ya ma seva ndi mapulogalamu opanda zingwe, imathandizira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza masensa a gasi zambiri,
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Nthawi yotumizira: Dec-08-2025