Kuchepa kwa nthaka ndi madzi kwalimbikitsa chitukuko cha ulimi wolondola, womwe umagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wozindikira kutali kuti uzitha kuyang'anira deta ya chilengedwe cha mpweya ndi nthaka nthawi yeniyeni kuti uthandize kukulitsa zokolola za mbewu. Kukulitsa kukhazikika kwa ukadaulo wotere ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tiyendetse bwino chilengedwe ndikuchepetsa ndalama.
Tsopano, mu kafukufuku yemwe adasindikizidwa posachedwapa mu magazini ya Advanced Sustainable Systems, ofufuza ku Osaka University apanga ukadaulo wopanda zingwe wozindikira chinyezi cha nthaka womwe umatha kuwonongeka. Ntchitoyi ndi yofunika kwambiri pothana ndi zovuta zina zaukadaulo paulimi wolondola, monga kutaya bwino zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito zoyezera.
Pamene chiwerengero cha anthu padziko lonse chikupitirira kukula, kukulitsa zokolola zaulimi ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka ndi madzi n'kofunika kwambiri. Ulimi wolondola cholinga chake ndi kuthana ndi zosowa zotsutsanazi pogwiritsa ntchito ma netiweki a masensa kuti asonkhanitse zambiri zachilengedwe kuti zinthu zigawidwe moyenera ku minda nthawi ndi komwe zikufunika.
Ma drone ndi ma satellite amatha kusonkhanitsa zambiri, koma sizoyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka ndi chinyezi. Kuti deta ipezeke bwino, zida zoyezera chinyezi ziyenera kuyikidwa pansi pamlingo wokwera kwambiri. Ngati sensa siingathe kuwonongeka, iyenera kutengedwa kumapeto kwa moyo wake, zomwe zingakhale zovuta komanso zosagwira ntchito. Kukwaniritsa magwiridwe antchito amagetsi ndi kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe muukadaulo umodzi ndiye cholinga cha ntchito yomwe ilipo pano.
"Dongosolo lathu lili ndi masensa angapo, magetsi opanda zingwe, ndi kamera yojambulira kutentha kuti itenge ndikutumiza deta yowunikira ndi malo," akutero Takaaki Kasuga, wolemba wamkulu wa kafukufukuyu. "Zinthu zomwe zili m'nthaka nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosamalira chilengedwe ndipo zimakhala ndi nanopaper, chophimba chachilengedwe choteteza sera, chotenthetsera cha kaboni ndi waya woyendetsa tin."
Ukadaulowu umachokera pa mfundo yakuti kugwira ntchito bwino kwa mphamvu zopanda zingwe kupita ku sensa kumagwirizana ndi kutentha kwa sensa yotenthetsera komanso chinyezi cha nthaka yozungulira. Mwachitsanzo, pokonza malo a sensa ndi ngodya pa nthaka yosalala, kuwonjezera chinyezi cha nthaka kuchokera pa 5% mpaka 30% kumachepetsa mphamvu yotumizira kuchokera pa ~46% mpaka ~3%. Kamera yojambula kutentha imajambula zithunzi za dera lomwelo kuti nthawi yomweyo itenge chinyezi cha nthaka ndi deta ya malo a sensa. Kumapeto kwa nyengo yokolola, masensa amatha kuikidwa m'nthaka kuti awonongeke.
"Tinajambula bwino malo omwe ali ndi chinyezi chokwanira pogwiritsa ntchito masensa 12 m'munda wowonetsera wa 0.4 x 0.6 mita," adatero Kasuga. "Zotsatira zake, makina athu amatha kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa masensa ofunikira paulimi wolondola."
Ntchitoyi ili ndi kuthekera kokulitsa ulimi wolondola m'dziko lomwe lili ndi zinthu zochepa kwambiri. Kukulitsa luso la ukadaulo wa ofufuza pansi pa mikhalidwe yosayenera, monga malo osakwanira a masensa ndi ma slope ang'onoang'ono panthaka yolimba komanso mwina zizindikiro zina za nthaka yomwe ili kupitirira kuchuluka kwa chinyezi cha nthaka, kungapangitse kuti alimi padziko lonse lapansi azigwiritsa ntchito ukadaulowu kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-30-2024