Masensa a nthaka amathandiza alimi kuwunika momwe amakulira monga madzi ndi kupezeka kwa michere, nthaka pH, kutentha ndi malo

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) ndi imodzi mwa mbewu zamtengo wapatali pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi ndipo zimalimidwa mothirira. Kulima phwetekere nthawi zambiri kumalepheretsedwa ndi mikhalidwe yoipa monga nyengo, nthaka ndi madzi. Ukadaulo wa masensa apangidwa ndikuyikidwa padziko lonse lapansi kuti athandize alimi kuwunika momwe akukula monga kupezeka kwa madzi ndi michere, nthaka pH, kutentha ndi topology.
Zinthu kugwirizana ndi otsika zokolola za tomato. Kufunika kwa tomato ndikwambiri m'misika yazakudya zatsopano komanso m'misika yolima (yokonza). Zokolola zochepa za phwetekere zimawonedwa m'magawo ambiri aulimi, monga ku Indonesia, omwe amatsatira kwambiri ulimi wachikhalidwe. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa matekinoloje monga kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti ya Zinthu (IoT) ndi masensa akulitsa kwambiri zokolola za mbewu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza tomato.
Kupanda kugwiritsa ntchito masensa osiyanasiyana komanso amakono chifukwa cha chidziwitso chosakwanira kumabweretsanso zokolola zochepa paulimi. Kusamalira madzi mwanzeru kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popewa kuwonongeka kwa mbewu, makamaka m'minda ya tomato.
Chinyezi cha dothi ndi chinthu chinanso chomwe chimatsimikizira zokolola za phwetekere chifukwa ndizofunika kusamutsa zakudya ndi zinthu zina kuchokera kunthaka kupita ku mbewu. Kusunga kutentha kwa zomera ndikofunikira chifukwa kumakhudza kucha kwa masamba ndi zipatso.
Chinyezi choyenera cha dothi la phwetekere ndi pakati pa 60% ndi 80%. Kutentha kwabwino kwa phwetekere kochuluka kumakhala pakati pa 24 mpaka 28 digiri Celsius. Pamwamba pa kutentha kumeneku, kukula kwa zomera ndi kukula kwa maluwa ndi zipatso ndizochepa kwambiri. Ngati nthaka ndi kutentha kumasinthasintha kwambiri, kukula kwa mbewu kumachepa pang'onopang'ono komanso mopumira ndipo tomato amacha mosiyanasiyana.
Zomverera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polima tomato. Matekinoloje angapo apangidwa kuti azitha kuyang'anira bwino zopezeka ndi madzi, makamaka potengera njira zowonera patali komanso zakutali. Kuti mudziwe zomwe zili mumadzi muzomera, masensa amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amawunika momwe zomera zimakhalira komanso chilengedwe chawo. Mwachitsanzo, masensa opangidwa ndi ma radiation a terahertz ophatikizidwa ndi miyeso ya chinyezi amatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kupanikizika kwa tsambalo.
Zomverera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa zomwe zili m'madzi m'zomera zimatengera zida ndi matekinoloje osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mawonedwe amagetsi a impedance, mawonedwe apafupi ndi infrared (NIR), ukadaulo wa ultrasonic, ndi ukadaulo watsamba latsamba. Zoyezera chinyezi cha dothi ndi ma conductivity sensors zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kapangidwe ka dothi, mchere komanso madulidwe.
Nthaka chinyezi ndi kutentha masensa, komanso dongosolo kuthirira basi. Kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino, tomato amafunikira kuthirira koyenera. Kusoŵa kwa madzi komwe kukukulirakulira kukuwopseza ulimi ndi chakudya. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino masensa kumapangitsa kuti madzi azigwiritsa ntchito bwino komanso kukulitsa zokolola.
Zoyezera chinyezi m'nthaka zimayerekezera chinyezi cha nthaka. Posachedwapa opangidwa nthaka chinyezi masensa monga awiri conductive mbale. Pamene mbale izi poyera ndi conducting sing'anga (monga madzi), ma elekitironi kuchokera anode kusamukira ku cathode. Kusuntha kwa ma electron kudzapanga magetsi, omwe amatha kudziwika pogwiritsa ntchito voltmeter. Sensa iyi imazindikira kupezeka kwa madzi munthaka.
Nthawi zina, masensa a nthaka amaphatikizidwa ndi ma thermitors omwe amatha kuyeza kutentha ndi chinyezi. Deta yochokera ku masensawa imakonzedwa ndikupanga mzere umodzi, kutulutsa kwapawiri komwe kumatumizidwa ku makina opangira magetsi. Chidziwitso cha kutentha ndi chinyezi chikafika pamalo ena, chosinthira pampu yamadzi chimangoyatsa kapena kuzimitsa.
Bioristor ndi sensa ya bioelectronic. Bioelectronics imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito komanso mawonekedwe awo achilengedwe. Posachedwapa, sensa ya in vivo yochokera ku organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), yomwe imadziwika kuti bioresistors, yapangidwa. Sensayi idagwiritsidwa ntchito polima phwetekere kuti awone kusintha kwa kaphatikizidwe ka madzi a zomera omwe akuyenda mu xylem ndi phloem ya zomera za phwetekere. Sensa imagwira ntchito mu nthawi yeniyeni mkati mwa thupi popanda kusokoneza ntchito ya zomera.
Popeza bioresistor ikhoza kuikidwa mwachindunji muzitsulo za zomera, imalola mu vivo kuyang'ana kwa kayendedwe ka ion mu zomera pansi pa zovuta monga chilala, mchere, kusakwanira kwa nthunzi ndi chinyezi chambiri. Biostor imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pozindikira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kuwongolera tizilombo. Sensa imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyang'anira momwe madzi akuyendera.