Letesi wobiriwira wobiriwira amakula bwino munjira yazakudya m'matangi olima, onse oyendetsedwa ndi masensa angapo amadzi omwe amagwira ntchito mwakachetechete.
Mu labotale yaku yunivesite m'chigawo cha Jiangsu, gulu la letesi likukula mwamphamvu popanda dothi, chifukwa cha njira yowunikira mwanzeru ya hydroponic yotengera ukadaulo wa IoT wopapatiza. Wofufuza Zhang Jing adalongosola kuti makinawa amagwiritsa ntchito masensa angapo amadzi kuti azitha kuyang'anira njira zothetsera michere munthawi yeniyeni, kuphatikiza ndi njira zosamveka zowongolera kuti zisinthiretu mtundu wamadzi malinga ndi zosowa za mbewu.
Popeza ukadaulo wa hydroponic ukuchulukirachulukira, masensa osawoneka bwino amadzi akugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Kuchokera ku mabungwe ofufuza akatswiri kupita ku mabanja wamba, makina anzeru a hydroponic akusintha mwakachetechete njira zaulimi.
01 Dziko Lamakono la Hydroponic Technology
Poyerekeza ndi kulima nthaka yachikhalidwe, hydroponics imathandizira kukula kwa mbewu mwachangu ndikuchepetsa zovuta za tizirombo. Popeza mbewu zimangoyamwa michere kuchokera muzomera, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa madzi a hydroponic nutrient solution mwachangu komanso moyenera, ndikuwonjezeranso michere ngati ikufunika.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wa sensa ndi kuchepetsa mtengo, machitidwe anzeru a hydroponic ayamba kuchoka ku mabungwe ofufuza kupita m'mabanja wamba.
Makina anzeru a hydroponic nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zigawo zitatu zazikulu: masensa, owongolera, ndi ma actuators.
Mwa izi, masensa ali ndi udindo wosonkhanitsa magawo osiyanasiyana amadzi, omwe amakhala ngati "maso" ndi "makutu" a dongosolo. Kulondola kwawo ndi kukhazikika kwawo kumatsimikizira mwachindunji kupambana kapena kulephera kwa dongosolo lonse la hydroponic.
02 Chidule Chatsatanetsatane cha Masensa a Core
Zowona za pH
Phindu la pH ndilofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa mbewu mu hydroponics. Monga aliyense wa zamoyo zam'madzi akudziwa, pH yoyenera yamadzi ndi pakati pa 7.5-8.5.
Masensa amadzi a pH amazindikira kuchuluka kwa ma hydrogen ion muzinthu zoyezedwa ndikusintha kukhala ma siginecha omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
H + ma ion mu yankho amalumikizana ndi ma electrode a sensor kuti apange siginecha yamagetsi, ndipo kukula kwa voteji kumayenderana ndi ndende ya H +. Poyesa chizindikiro chamagetsi, mtengo wofananira wa pH yankho ukhoza kupezeka.
Masensa apadera a pH opangidwira ntchito za hydroponic amapezeka pamalonda, monga masensa odziwikiratu a hydroponic pH omwe amathandiza njira zoyankhulirana zokhazikika, zokhala ndi miyeso ya 0-14.00 pH ndikusintha mpaka 0.01 pH, kupangitsa kuwunika ndikuwongolera bwino.
Ma Sensor Oxygen Osungunuka
Mpweya wosungunuka ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa mizu yathanzi mu mbewu za hydroponic. Matupi amadzi osaipitsidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimawononga mpweya wa okosijeni amasunga mpweya wosungunuka pamilingo ya machulukitsidwe.
Masensa a oxygen osungunuka amayesa kuchuluka kwa okosijeni wosungunuka m'madzi.
Mamolekyu a okosijeni ochokera ku njira yoyezera amadutsa mumkanda wosankha wa sensa ndikudutsa momwemonso amachepetsera kapena kutengera makutidwe ndi okosijeni mkati mwa cathode ndi anode, nthawi imodzi kupanga ma siginecha apano. Kukula kwapano kukufanana ndi kuchuluka kwa okosijeni wosungunuka.
Masensa a okosijeni osungunuka aukadaulo amapezeka m'mapangidwe osiyanasiyana: ena amatha kupirira zovuta zachilengedwe pomwe amapereka zolondola kwambiri; zina zokongoletsedwa ndi nthawi yoyankhira, yoyenera kuyang'ana malo ndi kusanthula ntchito.
Masensa a Ion Concentration
Ma ion concentration sensors ndi zida zofunika kwambiri pakuwunika momwe mayamwidwe amayankhira. Kuchuluka kwa ayoni monga nitrate, ammonium, ndi chloride kumakhudza mwachindunji kukula kwa mbewu.
Mwachitsanzo, masensa apadera a ammonium ion amatha kuyeza kuchuluka kwa ammonium m'madzi achilengedwe, madzi apamtunda, pansi pa nthaka, ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zaulimi.
Patent ya hydroponic solution ion concentration sensor yochokera ku yunivesite yaulimi imaphatikiza ma electrode ion, masensa kutentha, ndi masensa a pH, zomwe zimathandizira kumvetsetsa kwachangu kusintha kwa ndende ya ion, kusiyanasiyana kwa kutentha, ndi kusintha kwa pH pamayankho a hydroponic.
Magetsi Conductivity (EC) Sensor
Mayendedwe amagetsi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu choyezera kuchuluka kwa ma ion mumyezo wa michere, kuwonetsa mwachindunji mulingo wa chonde wa yankho la michere.
Ma transmitters a Automatic EC opangidwira ulimi wothirira ndi ma hydroponics amapereka miyeso yofikira 0-4000 µS/cm, kuthandizira ma protocol otuluka, omwe amatha kulumikizana ndi mapampu a dosing/mavavu ndikuwongolera ma switch a pampu/mavavu.
Kutentha ndi Turbidity Sensor
Kutentha kumakhudza kukula kwa mizu ya mbewu ndi ntchito ya kagayidwe kachakudya, pomwe turbidity imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono mu njira yazakudya.
Mu ntchito zanzeru wowonjezera kutentha hydroponic thanki, Madivelopa angagwiritse ntchito mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane digito kutentha ndi chinyezi sensa zigawo, ndi mmene kutentha kulondola ± 0.3 ℃ ndi kusamvana 0.01 ℃.
Masensa apadera a turbidity amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zida zamitundu yambiri kuti aziyang'anira kuchuluka kwa turbidity yankho lazakudya.
03 Mapulogalamu Ophatikizidwa mu Smart Systems
Zambiri zochokera ku masensa pawokha nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosakwanira kuwonetsa bwino chilengedwe chonse cha hydroponic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuphatikizika kwa masensa ambiri kukhala njira yomwe ikukula mumayendedwe anzeru a hydroponic.
Zofufuza zamitundu yambiri zokhala ndi zopangira zotsika mtengo zimatha kuphatikizidwa mosavuta ndi machitidwe owongolera ndi machitidwe a telemetry, oyenera kutumizidwa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Magulu ofufuza apanga makina owunikira anzeru a IoT a hydroponics omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira zolumikizirana ndi mafoni kuti aziwunikira nthawi yeniyeni magawo achilengedwe a hydroponic, kuphatikiza ndi njira zowongolera mwanzeru zosinthira magawo amtundu wa michere kutengera zomwe zachitika komanso zosowa za mbewu.
Zotsatira zoyeserera zikuwonetsa kuti makina otere akawongolera mayankho azakudya, magawo ofunikira monga pH ndi makonzedwe amagetsi amatha kukhala okhazikika pakanthawi kochepa.
04 Zovuta Zaukadaulo ndi Zomwe Zamtsogolo
Ngakhale ukadaulo wa hydroponic sensor wapita patsogolo kwambiri, pali zovuta zingapo. Kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali, kuthekera koletsa kuwononga, komanso kusanja pafupipafupi kwa masensa ndizovuta zazikulu pazogwiritsa ntchito.
Makamaka ma elekitirodi osankha ma ion amatha kusokonezedwa ndi ma ion ena ndipo amafuna kusanja pafupipafupi.
Masensa amtsogolo a hydroponic adzakulitsa magwiridwe antchito ambiri, luntha, komanso kuchepetsa mtengo.
Makina apamwamba a masensa amatha kale kuyeza magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza chlorophyll, pigments, fluorescence, turbidity, ndi zina zambiri.
Pakalipano, ndi chitukuko cha mapulojekiti otseguka, zolepheretsa kulowa kwa machitidwe anzeru a hydroponic akuchepa, zomwe zimathandiza anthu ambiri kutenga nawo mbali pakusintha kwaulimi.
Masiku ano, anthu ambiri okhala m'matauni ayamba kuyesa ma hydroponics apanyumba. M'makonde okhala m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana, masamba obiriwira amakula mwamphamvu m'matangi anzeru a hydroponic potengera nsanja zodziwika bwino za microcontroller.
Munthu wina wokonda madzi anati: “Maziko a madzi ndi amene amakhudza kwambiri mmene madzi amayendera.
Kupambana kosalekeza kwaukadaulo wa sensa kukusintha ulimi wolondola kukhala wabwino kukhala weniweni.
Titha kuperekanso njira zosiyanasiyana zothetsera
1. M'manja mita kwa Mipikisano parameter madzi khalidwe
2. Dongosolo la Buoy loyandama lamtundu wamadzi wamitundu yambiri
3. Burashi yotsuka yokha yamadzi ambiri amadzimadzi
4. Seti yathunthu ya ma seva ndi pulogalamu yopanda zingwe, imathandizira RS485 GPRS / 4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
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Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-07-2025