Pankhani yaulimi wanzeru, kuyanjana kwa masensa komanso mphamvu yotumizira deta ndizomwe zimafunikira pakumanga njira yowunikira yolondola. Kutulutsa kwa sensa ya nthaka ndi SDI12, yokhala ndi njira yolumikizirana ya digito pachimake chake, imapanga m'badwo watsopano wa zida zowunikira nthaka zomwe zimakhala ndi "kuwunika kolondola kwambiri + kuphatikiza kosavuta + kufalitsa kokhazikika", kupereka chithandizo chodalirika chazidziwitso pazochitika monga minda yanzeru, nyumba zobiriwira zanzeru, kuwunikira kafukufuku wasayansi, ndikutanthauziranso miyezo yaukadaulo yowunikira nthaka.
1. SDI12 Protocol: Chifukwa Chiyani Ndi "Chinenero Chapadziko Lonse" cha Agricultural Internet of Things?
SDI12 (Serial Digital Interface 12) ndi njira yolumikizirana yodziwika padziko lonse lapansi ya masensa achilengedwe, yopangidwira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa komanso mawonekedwe ochezera pazida zambiri, ndipo ili ndi zabwino zitatu zazikulu:
Kulumikizana kokhazikika: Njira yolumikizirana yolumikizana imaphwanya zotchinga za chipangizocho ndipo imatha kulumikizidwa mosadukiza ndi otolera ma data ambiri (monga Campbell, HOBO) ndi nsanja za Internet of Things (monga Alibaba Cloud, Tencent Cloud), kuthetsa kufunika kowonjezera madalaivala ndikuchepetsa mtengo wophatikizira dongosolo ndi 30%.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pang'ono komanso kutumizirana mwachangu: Imatengera kulumikizana kosalekeza kwa serial ndikuthandizira "master-slave mode" maukonde amitundu yambiri (mpaka masensa a 100 amatha kulumikizidwa pa basi imodzi), kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zolumikizirana motsika ngati mulingo wa μA, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kuwunikira zochitika zam'munda zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa.
Kuthekera kwamphamvu kotsutsana ndi kusokoneza: Mapangidwe ophatikizira ma siginecha amalepheretsa kusokoneza kwamagetsi. Ngakhale pafupi ndi ma gridi amagetsi okwera kwambiri komanso malo olumikizirana, kuchuluka kwa kufalitsa kwa data kumafikabe 99.9%.
2. Core Monitoring kuthekera: Dothi "Stethoscope" yokhala ndi maphatikizidwe amitundu yambiri
Sensa ya dothi yomwe idapangidwa kutengera protocol ya SDI12 imatha kusintha magawo owunikira malinga ndi zofunikira kuti mukwaniritse chilengedwe chonse:
(1) Kuphatikiza kwa magawo asanu
Chinyezi cha dothi: Njira yowonetsera ma frequency-domain reflection (FDR) imatengedwa, ndi muyeso wa 0-100% kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, kulondola kwa ± 3%, ndi nthawi yoyankha yosakwana 1 sekondi.
Kutentha kwa nthaka: Okonzeka ndi anamanga PT1000 sensa kutentha, kutentha muyeso osiyanasiyana -40 ℃ mpaka 85 ℃, ndi kulondola kwa ± 0.5 ℃, wokhoza zenizeni nthawi kuwunika kusintha kwa kutentha muzu wosanjikiza.
Dothi magetsi conductivity (EC) : Unikani mchere wam'nthaka (0-20 dS/m), ndi kulondola kwa ± 5%, kuchenjeza za kuopsa kwa salinization;
Phindu la nthaka ya pH: Kuyeza kwa 3-12, kulondola ± 0.1, kutsogolera kusintha kwa nthaka ya acidic / alkaline;
Kutentha kwa mumlengalenga ndi chinyezi: Nthawi imodzi kuyang'anira nyengo ya chilengedwe kuti zithandizire pakuwunika madzi am'mlengalenga ndi mlengalenga komanso kusinthana kwa kutentha.
(2) Kukula kwapamwamba kwa ntchito
Kuyang'anira zakudya: Mwasankha nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), ndi potaziyamu (K) ma ion maelekitirodi a ma ion amapezeka kuti azitha kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa michere yomwe ilipo (monga NO₃⁻-N, PO₄³⁻-P) munthawi yeniyeni, ndikulondola kwa ±8%.
Kuzindikira kwachitsulo cholemera: Pazochitika za kafukufuku wa sayansi, imatha kuphatikizira masensa achitsulo cholemera monga lead (Pb) ndi cadmium (Cd), ndi malingaliro ofika pamlingo wa ppb.
Kuwunika momwe mbeu zimakhudzidwira: Pophatikiza ma sensor amadzimadzi amtundu wa tsinde ndi sensa ya chinyezi pamwamba pa tsamba, kuwunika kosalekeza kwa "dothi - mbewu - mpweya" kumapangidwa.
3. Mapangidwe a Hardware: Makhalidwe apamwamba a Industrial-grade kuti athe kusamalira malo ovuta
Kukhazikika kwatsopano
Zinthu zachipolopolo: Aerospace-grade aluminium alloy + polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) probe, kugonjetsedwa ndi asidi ndi alkali corrosion (pH 1-14), kugonjetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa nthaka, ndi moyo woikidwa m'manda kwa zaka zoposa 8.
Gawo lachitetezo: IP68 yosalowa madzi komanso yopanda fumbi, yotha kupirira kumizidwa mozama mita imodzi kwa maola 72, yoyenera nyengo yoipa monga mvula yambiri komanso kusefukira kwamadzi.
(2) Zomangamanga zopanda mphamvu
Njira yodzutsa tulo: Imathandizira kusonkhanitsa nthawi (monga kamodzi mphindi 10 zilizonse) ndi kusonkhanitsa koyambitsa zochitika (monga lipoti logwira ntchito pakakhala Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa chinyezi), kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zoyimirira kumakhala kosakwana 50μA, ndipo kumatha kugwira ntchito mosalekeza kwa miyezi 12 ikaphatikizidwa ndi batri ya lithiamu ya 5Ah.
Njira yothetsera magetsi adzuwa: Zosankha za 5W solar panels + charger management module ikupezeka kuti mukwaniritse "zero kukonza" kuyang'anira kwanthawi yayitali m'malo omwe ali ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.
(3) unsembe kusinthasintha
Pulagi-ndi-kukoka kamangidwe: Kufufuza ndi gawo lalikulu likhoza kupatulidwa, kuthandizira mu-situ m'malo mwa module sensor popanda kufunikira kuyikanso chingwe.
Kuyika mozama mosiyanasiyana: Imapatsa ma probe a utali wosiyanasiyana monga 10cm, 20cm, ndi 30cm kuti ikwaniritse zofunika kuunikira kagawidwe ka mizu pakukula kwa mbewu (monga kuyeza kosayanjika pa siteji ya mbande ndi kuyeza kwakuya kwa mbande pa nthawi yakukhwima).
4. Zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito
Smart farmland management
Kuthirira mwatsatanetsatane: Deta ya chinyezi cha dothi imaperekedwa kwa wolamulira wothirira wanzeru kudzera mu protocol ya SDI12 kuti akwaniritse "chinyezi choyambitsa ulimi wothirira" (monga kungoyambira kuthirira kodontha kutsika pansi pa 40% ndikuyimitsa ikafika 60%), ndikupulumutsa madzi 40%.
Kuphatikizika kwa feteleza: Pophatikiza EC ndi chidziwitso cha michere, makina opangira feteleza amatsogozedwa kuti azigwira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana kudzera muzithunzi zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi mankhwala (monga kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa feteleza wamankhwala m'malo amchere wambiri ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito urea m'malo opanda nayitrogeni), ndipo kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumawonjezeka ndi 25%.
(2) Network yowunikira kafukufuku wasayansi
Kufufuza kwachilengedwe kwanthawi yayitali: Masensa a SDI12 amitundu ingapo amatumizidwa kumalo owunika momwe minda imayendera kuti atole zambiri pa ola limodzi. Detayo imasungidwa mwachinsinsi ndikutumizidwa ku nkhokwe ya kafukufuku wa sayansi kudzera pa VPN kuthandizira kafukufuku wokhudza kusintha kwa nyengo ndi kuwonongeka kwa nthaka.
Kuyesera kuwongolera poto: Netiweki ya sensa ya SDI12 idapangidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kuti iwonetsetse bwino malo a dothi la mphika uliwonse wa zomera (monga kuyika ma pH ocheperako), ndipo deta idalumikizidwa ku labotale yoyang'anira, kuchepetsa kuyeserera ndi 30%.
(3) Kuphatikiza kwa ulimi wamalo
Kulumikizana kwanzeru kowonjezera kutentha: Lumikizani sensor ya SDI12 ku dongosolo lowongolera lapakati. Kutentha kwa dothi kukapitilira 35 ℃ ndipo chinyezi ndi chochepera 30%, zimangoyambitsa kuziziritsa kwamadzi ozizira ndikuwonjezeranso madzi othirira, ndikuwongolera kutsekeka kwa "data - kupanga zisankho - kuphedwa".
Kuyang'anira kulima kopanda dothi: Pakukula kwa hydroponic / gawo lapansi, mtengo wa EC ndi mtengo wa pH wa michere imayang'aniridwa munthawi yeniyeni, ndipo pompu ya acid-base neutralizer ndi michere yowonjezera imasinthidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti mbewu zili pamalo abwino kwambiri okulirapo.
5. Kuyerekeza kwaukadaulo: SDI12 vs. Traditional Analog Signal Sensor
| Dimension traditional analog signal sensor | SDI12 digito sensor | ||
| Kulondola kwa data kumakhudzidwa mosavuta ndi kutalika kwa chingwe ndi kusokoneza kwamagetsi, ndi cholakwika cha ± 5% mpaka 8% | Kutumiza kwa chizindikiro cha digito, ndi cholakwika cha ± 1% -3%, kumakhala ndi kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali | ||
| Kuphatikizika kwadongosolo kumafuna kusinthira makonda amtundu wa chizindikiro, ndipo mtengo wa chitukuko ndiwokwera | Pulagi ndi kusewera, yogwirizana ndi otolera wamba ndi nsanja | ||
| Kutha kwa maukonde kumalola basi imodzi kulumikiza zida 5 mpaka 10 koposa | Basi imodzi imathandizira zida za 100 ndipo imagwirizana ndi mitengo yamitengo / nyenyezi | ||
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu: Kupereka mphamvu mosalekeza, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu> 1mA | Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwakanthawi kumachepera 50μA, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera batire / magetsi adzuwa | ||
| Mtengo wokonza umafunika kuwongolera 1 mpaka 2 pachaka, ndipo zingwe zimatha kukalamba komanso kuwonongeka. | Ili ndi algorithm yodziyimira payokha, yomwe imachotsa kufunika kowongolera nthawi yautumiki wake ndikuchepetsa mtengo wosinthira chingwe ndi 70% |
6. Maumboni Ogwiritsa Ntchito: Kudumpha kuchokera ku "Data Silos" kupita ku "Kugwirizana Moyenera"
A provincial academy ya zaulimi inati, "M'mbuyomu, zida za analoji zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa malo aliwonse owonetsetsa omwe atumizidwa, gawo lina loyankhulirana liyenera kupangidwa, ndipo kuthetsa vutoli kokha kumatenga miyezi iwiri." Pambuyo posinthira ku sensa ya SDI12, kulumikizana kwa mfundo za 50 kunamalizidwa mkati mwa sabata imodzi, ndipo detayo idalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi nsanja yofufuza zasayansi, ndikuwongolera bwino kafukufukuyu.
M'malo owonetsera zaulimi wopulumutsa madzi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa China: "Mwa kuphatikiza kachipangizo ka SDI12 ndi chipata chanzeru, takwanitsa kugawa madzi m'mabanja potengera chinyezi cha nthaka. M'mbuyomu, kuyang'anira njira kunkachitika kawiri patsiku, koma tsopano atha kuyang'aniridwa ndi mafoni a m'manja. Kupulumutsa madzi kwakwera kuchoka pa 30% mpaka 40% pamtengo wothirira watsika ndi 8% pa mtengo wothirira."
Yambitsani dongosolo latsopano la data laulimi wolondola
Kutulutsa kwa sensa ya nthaka ndi SDI12 sikungoyang'anira kokha komanso data "infrastructure" ya ulimi wanzeru. Imaphwanya zotchinga pakati pa zida ndi machitidwe omwe ali ndi ma protocol okhazikika, amathandizira kupanga zisankho zasayansi ndi data yolondola kwambiri, ndi ADAPTS pakuwunika kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuwongolera mphamvu zochepa. Kaya ndikuwongolera bwino kwamafamu akulu akulu kapena kufufuza kopitilira muyeso kwa mabungwe ofufuza zasayansi, kumatha kukhazikitsa maziko olimba paukonde wowunika nthaka, kupangitsa kuti chidziwitso chilichonse chikhale chothandizira kuti ulimi ukhale wamakono.
Contact us immediately: Tel: +86-15210548582, Email: info@hondetech.com or click www.hondetechco.comkwa SDI12 Sensor networking kalozera kuti makina anu owunikira akhale anzeru, odalirika komanso owopsa!
Kutumiza kwa chizindikiro cha digito, ndi cholakwika cha ± 1% -3%, kumakhala ndi kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-28-2025