Mukawona mlimi wachikulire akugona m'mphepete mwa munda, akugwira dothi laling'ono ndikuliphwanya, atasokonezeka maganizo - akutanthauzira malamulo akale kwambiri a nthaka: chinyezi cha nthaka. Masiku ano, chofufuzira chachitsulo chomwe chimayikidwa m'nthaka chikuchita zokambirana zomwezo kapena zakuya mwanjira ya digito. Ichi ndi sensa ya kutentha kwa nthaka yaulimi, chinyezi ndi kuyendetsa magetsi (EC), "wofufuza pansi pa nthaka" wa ulimi wanzeru.
Sikuti ndi “ndodo yachitsulo yongoikidwa m’nthaka” yokha: Ndi chiyani?
Kawirikawiri iyi ndi choyezera chopyapyala chooneka ngati ndodo chokhala ndi zida zamagetsi zenizeni. Chimatha kuyeza nthawi imodzi, mosalekeza komanso pamalo omwewo zizindikiro zitatu zazikulu za moyo wa nthaka ya mizu:
Kutentha: "Kuzizira ndi Kutentha Kwambiri" kwa Nthaka
Kuchuluka kwa madzi: "Kuuma kwa nthaka"
Kuyendetsa magetsi (EC): "Kuchuluka kwa mchere m'nthaka"
Imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo monga nthawi yowunikira (TDR) kapena nthawi yowunikira (FDR) kuti izindikire chinyezi ndi mchere mosawononga kudzera mu mawonekedwe a mafunde amagetsi m'nthaka. Deta imatumizidwa nthawi yeniyeni ku nsanja yoyang'anira kudzera munjira za waya kapena zopanda waya, kujambula "mapu osawoneka a zamoyo zapansi panthaka".
Kuzindikira "Chilankhulo cha Agronomic" cha Magawo Atatu Akuluakulu
Kutentha kwa nthaka: Mfuti yoyambira ya moyo
Ndi zambiri kuposa nambala imodzi yokha. Kutentha kokhazikika kwa nthaka yakuya kwa masentimita 5 kudutsa 12℃ ndi chizindikiro cholondola chobzala chimanga. Mizu ya sitiroberi imagwira ntchito kwambiri pa 15-22℃. Deta ya kutentha kwa nthaka m'nyengo yozizira imatha kuneneratu kuchuluka kwa tizilombo tomwe timapulumuka m'nyengo yozizira. Imalamulira kuchuluka kwa kumera kwa mbewu, ntchito ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kuwola kwa michere, ndipo imagwira ntchito ngati mulingo wolondola wa kalendala yaulimi.
2. Chinyezi cha Nthaka: "Kulingana" pakati pa Kuchita Bwino ndi Mkangano
M'minda ya zipatso zothirira madzi ku Israeli, masensa amasintha deta ya madzi kukhala malangizo othirira. Pamene chinyezi cha mizu yayikulu pakati pa masentimita 20 ndi 40 chikutsika pansi pa malire okhazikika, dongosololi limadzaza madzi okha mpaka kufika pamlingo woyenera. Izi sizimangopulumutsa madzi opitilira 30%, komanso chofunika kwambiri, zimathetsa mkangano wachikhalidwe wakuti "mukuba madzi anga" - deta imakhala muyezo wokhawo wachilungamo ndi sayansi.
3. Kuyendetsa magetsi m'nthaka (EC): Mapu osawoneka a michere
Mtengo wa EC ukhoza kuwonetsa mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa ma ayoni amchere osungunuka mu yankho la nthaka. Ngati ndi wokwera kwambiri, zikutanthauza kuti pali chiopsezo cha mchere ndipo "udzatentha mizu". Ngati ndi wochepa kwambiri, mwina chifukwa cha zakudya zosakwanira. M'mafamu akuluakulu ku Heilongjiang, mapu ogawa mchere m'minda omwe amajambulidwa ndi masensa a EC amatsogolera mwachindunji njira yogwiritsira ntchito feteleza wosiyanasiyana: feteleza wochepa wa potaziyamu amayikidwa m'malo omwe ali ndi EC yambiri, ndipo zowonjezera molondola zimaperekedwa m'malo omwe ali ndi EC yochepa, kukwaniritsa cholinga chochepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito.
Mtengo wogwirizana: 1+1+1>3
Deta ya zinthu zitatuzi ikaphatikizidwa, chidziwitso chatsopano chimapezeka:
Kuyembekezera matenda: Chinyezi chambiri chosalekeza pamodzi ndi kutentha koyenera zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo oberekera matenda a mizu. Dongosololi likhoza kupereka machenjezo msanga.
Kukonza feteleza: Pokhapokha podziwa momwe nthaka ilili ndi chinyezi, munthu amatha kudziwa nthawi yoti feteleza ichitike - kuthira feteleza ikachepa kumayaka, ndipo kuthira feteleza ikachuluka kumatayika.
Kuthana ndi kupsinjika: Kutentha kwambiri + chinyezi chochepa = Kutentha kwambiri kwa mbewu; Kutentha kochepa + chinyezi chachikulu = chiopsezo cha kulephera kupuma bwino kwa mizu. Kuphatikiza kwa sensa kumatha kutulutsa alamu mwachangu.
Zochitika zothandiza: Kuyambira pa Kulondola Kwambiri mpaka pa Nzeru
Mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale: Makina owongolera zachilengedwe olumikizidwa ndi Sensor. Ikazindikira kuti kutentha kwa usiku kuli kotsika kwambiri ndipo chinyezi chili chokwera kwambiri, imayamba yokha kutentha ndi kuchotsa chinyezi kuti ipewe downy mildew ndikupewa kuwononga mphamvu nthawi yomweyo.
M'minda yapamwamba: Netiweki yofufuzira imapanga mapu osinthika a nthaka. Mukathirira, kuya komwe madzi amatsikira kudzera "kutsogolo" kumatha kuwoneka bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azithirira bwino popanda kutsika kwambiri.
Mu minda yachilengedwe: Deta ya EC imathandiza kuyang'anira kusungunuka kwa sera mwachilengedwe ndi kuchepa kwa chonde m'nthaka, kutsogolera kubzala mbewu zophimba ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe, komanso kukwaniritsa kayendetsedwe kabwino ka chilengedwe.
Malire a ukadaulo ndi mavuto amtsogolo
Masensa a masiku ano akukhala anzeru, olimba komanso okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana:
Kuyesa kwa Node AI: Kuwerengera mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe akufunikira m'mphepete, zomwe zimakupatsani yankho mwachangu.
Zatsopano pa zinthu: Zimapirira kwambiri dzimbiri la mchere ndi alkali, zoyenera kuikidwa m'manda kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kuphatikizana kwa ntchito: Masensa ena apamwamba ali ndi pH yogwirizana kapena ntchito zodziwira ma ayoni a nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, zomwe zimasintha kukhala "laboratori yonse yapansi panthaka".
Komabe, mavuto akadalipo: Kodi tingatani kuti tipeze kudalirika komweko pamtengo wotsika? Kodi tingatani kuti kutanthauzira deta “kukhale kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito” ndikukusintha mwachindunji kukhala lamulo losavuta monga “Dziwani madzi kwa maola awiri mawa m’mawa”?
Mapeto
Zosewerera nthaka, "omasulira mizu" chete, akusintha "malingaliro" osokonezeka kukhala "deta" yomveka bwino, kubweretsa kayendetsedwe ka munda kogwirizana kukhala nthawi ya "kusamalira mizu" payekha. Izi zatipangitsa kuzindikira koyamba kuti chilengedwe chaching'ono chomwe chili pansi pa inchi iliyonse ya nthaka ndi chapadera komanso chosinthasintha.
Sizinasinthe tanthauzo la kukula kwa zomera, koma zasintha kwathunthu momwe timamvetsetsera ndikuchirikiza kukula kumeneku. M'tsogolomu pomwe zoperewera za zinthu zikuchulukirachulukira, kumvetsetsa "manong'onong'ono" a dziko lapansi kungakhale sitepe yofunika kwambiri kuti tipange pangano latsopano ndi chilengedwe.
Kuganiza mozama: Pamene masensa atiuza zosowa za mbewu iliyonse, kodi ulimi udzasintha kwathunthu kuchoka pa "kusamalira malo" kupita ku "kusamalira zomera"? Kodi ndife okonzeka kutsatira mfundo zatsopano zaulimi zosamala komanso zozikidwa pa deta?
Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza sensa ya nthaka,
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Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-29-2025