Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino ndi Kusanthula Kwamphamvu kwa Doppler Radar Sensors ku Indonesia

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mwachangu mu Kupulumutsa Masoka

Monga dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi lomwe lili m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Pacific Ring of Fire, dziko la Indonesia limakumana ndi zoopsa za zivomezi, matsunami ndi masoka ena achilengedwe. Njira zachikhalidwe zofufuzira ndi kupulumutsa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosagwira ntchito pazovuta zovuta monga kugwa kwathunthu kwa nyumba, pomwe ukadaulo wa Doppler-based radar sensing umapereka mayankho anzeru. Mu 2022, gulu lochita kafukufuku la ku Taiwan ndi Indonesia linapanga makina a radar omwe amatha kudziwa kupuma kwa anthu opulumuka kudzera m'makoma a konkire, zomwe zimayimira kudumpha kwachangu pazochitika zangozi pambuyo pa ngozi.

Ukadaulo wapakatikati waukadaulo wagona pakuphatikizika kwake kwa radar ya Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) yokhala ndi ma aligorivimu apamwamba opangira ma siginali. Dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito miyeso iwiri yolondola kwambiri kuti igonjetse kusokoneza kwa ma sign kuchokera ku zinyalala: kuyerekezera koyamba ndikulipiritsa kupotoza komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zopinga zazikulu, pomwe yachiwiri imayang'ana kuzindikira kusuntha kosawoneka bwino pachifuwa (nthawi zambiri 0.5-1.5 cm matalikidwe) kuchokera pakupuma mpaka kuloza malo opulumuka. Mayeso a labotale akuwonetsa kuthekera kwadongosolo lolowera makoma a konkriti a 40 cm ndikuzindikira kupuma mpaka 3.28 metres kumbuyo, ndikuyika molondola mkati mwa ± 3.375 cm - kupitilira zida zodziwika bwino zamoyo.

Kuchita bwino kwa ntchito kunatsimikiziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito zochitika zopulumutsira zoyerekeza. Ndi anthu anayi odzipereka omwe ali kuseri kwa makoma a konkire a makulidwe osiyanasiyana, makinawa adazindikira bwino zizindikiro zonse zopumira za anthu omwe amayesedwa, ndikusunga magwiridwe antchito odalirika ngakhale pakhoma lovuta kwambiri la 40 cm. Njira yosalumikizanayi imathetsa kufunikira kwa opulumutsa kuti alowe m'madera oopsa, kuchepetsa kwambiri kuvulala kwachiwiri. Mosiyana ndi njira zachikhalidwe zamayimbidwe, infrared kapena kuwala, radar ya Doppler imagwira ntchito mopanda mdima, utsi kapena phokoso, zomwe zimathandiza 24/7 kugwira ntchito pawindo lopulumutsa la "golide la maola 72".

Table: Kufananiza Kwantchito kwa Penetrative Life Detection Technologies

Dongosolo laukadaulo laukadaulo limapitilira kutengera luso laukadaulo mpaka kutumizidwa kwake. Chipangizo chonsecho chili ndi zigawo zitatu zokha: module ya radar ya FMCW, compact computing unit, ndi 12V lithiamu batire - zonse pansi pa 10kg kuti zisamagwire ntchito imodzi. Mapangidwe opepukawa amagwirizana ndi momwe zilumba za Indonesia zikuyendera komanso kuwonongeka kwa zomangamanga bwino. Mapulani ophatikizira ukadaulo ndi ma drones ndi nsanja za robotic adzakulitsanso kufikira kumadera osafikirika.

Malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, radar yowunikira moyo imatha kupititsa patsogolo luso la ku Indonesia poyankha masoka. Panthawi ya chivomezi cha 2018 Palu-tsunami, njira zodziwika bwino zakhala zopanda ntchito mu zinyalala za konkriti, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti anthu awonongeke. Kufalikira kwaukadaulowu kutha kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa opulumuka ndi 30-50% pakagwa masoka ofanana, zomwe zitha kupulumutsa miyoyo mazana kapena masauzande. Monga anatsindika Pulofesa Aloyius Adya Pramudita wa ku yunivesite ya Telkom ya ku Indonesia, cholinga chachikulu cha teknolojiyi chikugwirizana bwino ndi njira yothetsera masoka a National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB): "kuchepetsa kutayika kwa moyo ndikufulumizitsa kuchira."

Zoyesayesa zamalonda zikuchitika mwachangu, ndi ofufuza akuthandizana ndi ogwira nawo ntchito m'makampani kuti asinthe mawonekedwe a labotale kukhala zida zopulumutsira zolimba. Poganizira zochitika za zivomezi zomwe zimachitika pafupipafupi ku Indonesia (pafupifupi 5,000+ kugwedezeka pachaka), ukadaulo ukhoza kukhala zida zofananira za BNPB ndi mabungwe omwe akhudzidwa ndi tsoka. Gulu lofufuza likuyerekeza kutumizidwa kwa magawo mkati mwa zaka ziwiri, ndipo mtengo wa magawo akuyembekezeka kutsika kuchokera pa $15,000 yomwe ilipo panopo kufika pansi pa $5,000 pamlingo waukulu - zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maboma am'deralo azipezeka m'zigawo 34 za Indonesia.

Smart Transportation Management Applications

Kusokonekera kosalekeza kwa magalimoto ku Jakarta (ali pa nambala 7 padziko lonse lapansi) kwachititsa kuti pakhale njira zatsopano zogwiritsira ntchito radar ya Doppler m'mayendedwe anzeru. Ntchito ya mzinda wa "Smart City 4.0" ikuphatikiza masensa a radar 800+ m'malo ovuta, kukwaniritsa:

• Kuchepetsa 30% pakusokonekera kwa ola lapamwamba kudzera pakuwongolera ma siginecha
• Kuwongolera kwa 12% pakuthamanga kwapakati pagalimoto (kuchokera 18 mpaka 20.2 km/h)
• Kutsika kwa masekondi 45 pa avareji ya nthawi yodikirira pama mphambano oyendetsa ndege

Dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito magwiridwe antchito apamwamba a 24GHz Doppler radar mumvula yotentha (99% kuzindikira kulondola poyerekeza ndi 85% pamakamera panthawi yamvula yamkuntho) kuti azitha kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwagalimoto, kachulukidwe, ndi kutalika kwa mizere munthawi yeniyeni. Kuphatikiza kwa data ndi Jakarta's Traffic Management Center kumathandizira kusintha kwanthawi kwamasigino mphindi 2-5 zilizonse kutengera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto m'malo mokhazikika.

Nkhani Yophunzira: Kupititsa patsogolo Msewu wa Gatot Subroto

• Masensa 28 a radar adayikidwa pamtunda wa 4.3km
• Zizindikiro zosinthira zimachepetsa nthawi yoyenda kuchoka pa mphindi 25 mpaka 18
• Kutulutsa kwa CO₂ kunatsika ndi matani 1.2 tsiku lililonse
• 35% kuphwanya malamulo apamsewu ocheperako komwe kumazindikirika kudzera pawokha

Kuwunika kwa Hydrological Popewa Chigumula

Machenjezo ochenjeza za kusefukira kwa madzi ku Indonesia aphatikiza ukadaulo wa Doppler radar kudutsa mabeseni akuluakulu 18 a mitsinje. Ntchito yoyendera mtsinje wa Ciliwung ikuchitira chitsanzo ichi:

• Ma 12 streamflow radar amayesa kuthamanga kwamtunda mphindi zisanu zilizonse
• Kuphatikiza akupanga madzi mlingo masensa kwa kumaliseche mawerengedwe
• Deta imatumizidwa kudzera ku GSM/LoRaWAN kupita kumitundu yolosera zapakati pa kusefukira kwa madzi
• Nthawi yotsogolera chenjezo idatalikitsidwa kuchokera ku maola awiri mpaka 6 ku Greater Jakarta

Miyezo yosalumikizana ndi radar imakhala yofunikira kwambiri pakasefukira kwa zinyalala pomwe mita yanthawi zonse imalephera. Kuyika pa milatho kumapewa zoopsa za m'madzi pamene mukuyang'anitsitsa mosalekeza osakhudzidwa ndi matope.

Kusamalira Nkhalango ndi Kuteteza Zinyama Zakuthengo

Mu Sumatra's Leuser Ecosystem (malo omaliza a orangutans a Sumatran), radar ya Doppler imathandizira mu:

1. Anti-Poaching Surveillance

• 60GHz radar imazindikira kuyenda kwa anthu kudzera pamasamba owundana
• Amasiyanitsa opha nyama motsata malamulo olondola 92%.
• Kuphimba 5km radius pa unit (vs 500m kwa makamera a infrared)

2. Canopy Monitoring

• Millimeter-wave radar imayang'anira mawonekedwe amitengo
• Imazindikiritsa ntchito yodula mitengo mosaloledwa munthawi yeniyeni
• Yachepetsa kudula mitengo mosaloledwa ndi 43% m'malo oyeserera

Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pang'ono (15W/sensor) kumalola kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zadzuwa kumadera akutali, kutumiza zidziwitso kudzera pa satellite pozindikira zomwe zikukayikitsa.

Mavuto ndi Njira Zamtsogolo

Ngakhale zotsatira zabwino, kufalikira kwa ana kumakumana ndi zopinga zingapo kukhazikitsa:

1. Zolephera Zaukadaulo

• Chinyezi chokwera (> 80% RH) chimatha kutsitsa ma siginecha apamwamba kwambiri
• Malo okhala m'matauni amapangitsa kuti mayendedwe azisokoneza
• Ukatswiri wochepa wam'deralo wokonza

2. Zinthu Zachuma

• Mtengo wa sensa wapano ($3,000-$8,000/unit) umatsutsa bajeti zakomweko
• Kuwerengera kwa ROI sikudziwika bwino kwa ma municipalities omwe alibe ndalama
• Kudalira ogulitsa akunja pazinthu zazikulu

3. Zovuta za Institutional

• Kugawana deta ku mabungwe osiyanasiyana kumakhalabe kovuta
• Kupanda ma protocol okhazikika ophatikizira ma data a radar
• Kuchedwetsa kwadongosolo pakugawika kwa sipekitiramu

Mayankho omwe akubwera ndi awa:

• Kupanga makina osamva chinyezi a 77GHz
• Kukhazikitsa malo ochitira misonkhano kuti achepetse ndalama
• Kupanga mapulogalamu a boma-academia-industry transfer information
• Kukhazikitsa njira zotsatsira pang'onopang'ono kuyambira ndi madera omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri

Zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'tsogolomu zikuphatikizapo:

• Maukonde a radar opangidwa ndi drone kuti awone zatsoka
• Makina odziwira kutsetsereka kwa nthaka
• Kuwunika kwanzeru zone kuti mupewe kusodza
• Kutsata kukokoloka kwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndikulondola kwa mafunde a millimeter

Ndi ndalama zoyenera komanso kuthandizira ndondomeko, ukadaulo wa radar wa Doppler ukhoza kukhala mwala wapangodya wakusintha kwa digito ku Indonesia, kupititsa patsogolo kulimba mtima kuzilumba zake 17,000 ndikukhazikitsa mwayi watsopano wantchito zapamwamba kwambiri kwanuko. Zochitika zaku Indonesia zikuwonetsa momwe umisiri wotsogola ungasinthidwe kuti athe kuthana ndi zovuta zapadera za mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene akagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi njira zoyenera zakumaloko.

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