Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa madzi komanso nkhawa zomwe zikukula chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwa madzi, ukadaulo wowunikira ubwino wa madzi wakhala chida chofunikira kwambiri poteteza chilengedwe. Pakati pa ukadaulo uwu, sensa ya nitrite—chipangizo chodziwira zinthu zenizeni komanso cholondola kwambiri—chikuchita gawo lofunika kwambiri m'magawo angapo. Nitrite (NO₂⁻) ndi chinthu chodetsa madzi chomwe chimapezeka m'madzi, makamaka kuchokera ku madzi otayira m'mafakitale, madzi otayira m'minda, ndi zimbudzi zapakhomo. Kuchuluka kwa madzi m'madzi kungayambitse kuipitsidwa kwa madzi komanso kuopseza thanzi la anthu. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe sensa iyi imagwirira ntchito komanso momwe imakhudzira madzi.
1. Kukonza Madzi Otayidwa a Municipalities: Kukonza Bwino Ntchito ndi Kuonetsetsa Kuti Malamulo Akutsatira Malamulo
M'malo oyeretsera madzi a zinyalala m'matauni, masensa a nitrite amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyang'anira njira. Poyesa kuchuluka kwa nitrite m'matanki opumira mpweya ndi mayunitsi a anaerobic/aerobic reaction nthawi yeniyeni, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuwongolera molondola kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umachokera ku carbon kuti akwaniritse bwino njira yochotsera nitrite. Mwachitsanzo, mu njira zochotsera nitrite ndi denitrification, kuchuluka kwa nitrite kumatha kuletsa ntchito ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo masensa amapereka machenjezo oyambirira kuti apewe kulephera kwa dongosolo.
Zotsatira:
- Zimathandiza kwambiri kuti hydrogen igwiritsidwe ntchito bwino, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
- Amaonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa nitrite m'madzi akumwa kukugwirizana ndi miyezo ya dziko lonse yotulutsira madzi (monga GB 18918-2002).
- Kumachepetsa ndalama zokhudzana ndi kusanthula kwa ma labotale ndi ma sampling pamanja, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ntchito ndi kukonza zigwire bwino ntchito.
2. Ulimi wa m'madzi: Kupewa Matenda ndi Kuonetsetsa Kuti Zinthu Zili Bwino
M'madziwe a m'madzi, nitrite ndi chinthu chapakati pa kusintha kwa ammonia nayitrogeni. Kuchuluka kwa madzi m'madzi kungayambitse kuvutika ndi kusowa kwa mpweya, kuchepa kwa chitetezo chamthupi, komanso kufa kwa anthu ambiri. Masensa a nitrite amatha kuphatikizidwa mu machitidwe owunikira khalidwe la madzi ozikidwa pa IoT kuti azitsatira nthawi zonse momwe madzi alili ndikutumiza machenjezo kudzera pazida zam'manja.
Zotsatira:
- Amapereka machenjezo enieni okhudza kuchuluka kwa nitrite, zomwe zimathandiza alimi kuchitapo kanthu panthawi yake monga kusintha madzi kapena mpweya.
- Amachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a nsomba, kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka ndi kukolola.
- Kumalimbikitsa ulimi wa nsomba molondola, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo molakwika komanso kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zam'madzi zili bwino.
3. Kuyang'anira Magwero a Madzi Akumwa: Kuteteza Magwero ndi Umoyo wa Anthu
Kuwunika kuchuluka kwa nitrite m'madzi akumwa (monga malo osungiramo madzi, mitsinje) ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yotetezera thanzi la anthu. Masensa amatha kuikidwa m'malo owunikira okha kuti aziwunika madzi maola 24 pa tsiku, masiku 7 pa sabata. Ngati kuchuluka kwa madzi kosazolowereka kwapezeka (monga chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwa ulimi kapena ngozi zamafakitale), dongosololi nthawi yomweyo limayambitsa kuyankha mwadzidzidzi.
Zotsatira:
- Zimathandiza kuzindikira msanga zochitika za kuipitsidwa, kuletsa madzi oipitsidwa kulowa mu netiweki yoperekera madzi.
- Amathandiza akuluakulu a madzi popanga zisankho mwachangu komanso kuyambitsa njira zoyeretsera madzi.
- Amatsatira "Miyezo ya Ubwino wa Madzi Akumwa" (GB 5749-2022), zomwe zimawonjezera chidaliro cha anthu.
4. Kuyang'anira Madzi Otayira M'mafakitale: Kuwongolera Kuipitsidwa Kwabwino Kwambiri ndi Kupanga Zobiriwira
Madzi otayidwa ochokera m'mafakitale monga electroplating, printing, dyeing, ndi kukonza chakudya nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nitrite yambiri. Masensa angagwiritsidwe ntchito poyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni pamalo otulutsira madzi m'mafakitale kapena m'malo otsukira madzi otayidwa m'mapaki a mafakitale, ndi deta yolumikizidwa ndi nsanja za mabungwe oteteza chilengedwe.
Zotsatira:
- Zimathandiza mabizinesi kukwaniritsa kayendetsedwe kabwino ka njira zotsukira madzi otayira, kupewa kutulutsa madzi otayira mosayenera.
- Imathandizira kutsata malamulo okhudza chilengedwe popereka umboni wotsimikizira deta yotsutsana ndi kutulutsidwa kwa zinthu mopanda chilolezo.
- Zimathandizira kusunga mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa utsi woipa, zomwe zimathandiza kukwaniritsa zolinga zosagwirizana ndi mpweya woipa.
5. Kafukufuku wa Sayansi ndi Kuyang'anira Zachilengedwe: Kuvumbula Mapangidwe ndi Kuteteza Zachilengedwe
M'madera omwe ali ndi vuto la chilengedwe monga nyanja ndi mitsinje, ofufuza amagwiritsa ntchito masensa a nitrite kuti atsatire njira zoyendera nayitrogeni ndikusanthula zomwe zimayambitsa eutrophication. Deta yowunikira nthawi yayitali imathandizanso kuwunika momwe mapulojekiti azachilengedwe monga kubwezeretsa madambo ndi kukonzanso mitengo.
Zotsatira:
- Kukulitsa kumvetsetsa kwasayansi za njira zoyendera nayitrogeni m'madzi.
- Amapereka chithandizo cha deta yokhudza kayendetsedwe ka zachilengedwe, ndikuwongolera njira zotetezera chilengedwe.
- Zimawonjezera luso lodziwiratu kusintha kwa khalidwe la madzi pakusintha kwa nyengo.
Mapeto: Ukadaulo Wopatsa Mphamvu Tsogolo la Kusamalira Zachilengedwe za Madzi
Ndi zabwino monga kukhudzidwa kwambiri, kuyankha mwachangu, komanso kudzipangira zokha, masensa a nitrite akukhala chida chofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera chilengedwe cha madzi. Kuyambira mizinda mpaka kumidzi, kuyambira pakupanga mpaka pa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, amateteza mwakachetechete chitetezo cha dontho lililonse la madzi. Pamene ukadaulo wa masensa ukugwirizana kwambiri ndi luntha lochita kupanga ndi deta yayikulu, tsogolo likulonjeza maukonde anzeru komanso ogwira mtima kwambiri ochenjeza za madzi, zomwe zikuyendetsa patsogolo ukadaulo wa chitukuko chokhazikika.
Tikhozanso kupereka njira zosiyanasiyana zothetsera mavutowa
1. Chida chogwiritsira ntchito m'manja cha ubwino wa madzi okhala ndi magawo ambiri
2. Dongosolo loyandama la Buoy la ubwino wa madzi okhala ndi magawo ambiri
3. Burashi yoyeretsera yokha ya sensa yamadzi yokhala ndi magawo ambiri
4. Seti yonse ya ma seva ndi mapulogalamu opanda zingwe, imathandizira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza masensa a madzi,
chonde lemberani Honde Technology Co., LTD.
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Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-22-2025