Chida chatsopano cha nyengo ya mlengalenga chayamba kusonkhanitsa deta

Mapu awa, opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe atsopano a COWVR, akuwonetsa ma microwave frequency a Dziko Lapansi, omwe amapereka chidziwitso chokhudza mphamvu ya mphepo zapanyanja, kuchuluka kwa madzi m'mitambo, ndi kuchuluka kwa nthunzi ya madzi mumlengalenga.
Chida chaching'ono chatsopano chomwe chili pa International Space Station chapanga mapu oyamba padziko lonse lapansi a chinyezi ndi mphepo ya m'nyanja.
Pambuyo poyika pa International Space Station, zida ziwiri zazing'ono zomwe zinapangidwa ndikumangidwa ndi Jet Propulsion Laboratory ya NASA ku Southern California zinayambitsidwa pa Januware 7 kuti ziyambe kusonkhanitsa deta ya mphepo ya m'nyanja ya Dziko Lapansi ndi nthunzi yamadzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poneneratu nyengo ndi nyanja. Mfundo zofunika ndizofunikira. M'masiku awiri, Compact Ocean Wind Vector Radiometer (COWVR) ndi Temporal Space Experiment in Storms and Tropical Systems (TEMPEST) zinali zitasonkhanitsa deta yokwanira kuti ziyambe kupanga mapu.
COWVR ndi TEMPEST zinayambitsidwa pa Disembala 21, 2021, ngati gawo la ntchito ya SpaceX ya 24 yogulitsa zinthu ku NASA. Zida zonsezi ndi ma radiometer a microwave omwe amayesa kusintha kwa kuwala kwachilengedwe kwa microwave padziko lapansi. Zidazi ndi gawo la US Space Force's Space Test Program Houston-8 (STP-H8), yomwe cholinga chake ndi kusonyeza kuti akhoza kusonkhanitsa deta yamtundu wofanana ndi zida zazikulu zomwe zikugwira ntchito mumlengalenga.
Mapu atsopanowa ochokera ku COWVR akuwonetsa ma microwave a 34 GHz omwe amatulutsa Dziko Lapansi m'malo onse owoneka kuchokera ku siteshoni ya mlengalenga (kuyambira madigiri 52 kumpoto mpaka madigiri 52 kum'mwera). Ma microwave apaderawa amapatsa oneneratu za nyengo chidziwitso chokhudza mphamvu ya mphepo pamwamba pa nyanja, kuchuluka kwa madzi m'mitambo, ndi kuchuluka kwa nthunzi ya madzi mumlengalenga.
Mitundu yobiriwira ndi yoyera pamapu ikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa nthunzi yamadzi ndi mitambo, pomwe mtundu wabuluu wakuda wa nyanja ukuwonetsa mpweya wouma ndi thambo loyera. Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa nyengo yodziwika bwino monga chinyezi ndi mvula yamvula ya m'madera otentha (mzere wobiriwira pakati pa mapu) ndi mphepo yamkuntho yapakati pa latitude pamwamba pa nyanja.

Ma Radiometer amafuna antenna yozungulira kuti athe kuwona madera akuluakulu padziko lapansi osati mzere wopapatiza. Mu ma radiometer ena onse a microwave, osati antenna yokha, komanso radiometer yokha ndi zamagetsi zogwirizana nazo zimazungulira pafupifupi nthawi 30 pamphindi. Pali zifukwa zomveka zasayansi ndi uinjiniya za kapangidwe kake ka magawo ambiri ozungulira, koma kusunga chombo chamlengalenga chokhazikika chokhala ndi kulemera kosuntha kwambiri ndi vuto. Kuphatikiza apo, njira zosamutsira mphamvu ndi deta pakati pa mbali zozungulira ndi zosasuntha za chida zatsimikizika kuti ndi zogwira ntchito kwambiri komanso zovuta kupanga.
Chida chowonjezera cha COWVR, TEMPEST, ndi zotsatira za zaka makumi ambiri zomwe NASA idagwiritsa ntchito muukadaulo kuti ipangitse zamagetsi zamlengalenga kukhala zazing'ono kwambiri. Pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2010, mainjiniya wa JPL Sharmila Padmanabhan anayamba kuganizira za zolinga zasayansi zomwe zingakwaniritsidwe poika masensa ang'onoang'ono pa CubeSats, ma satellite ang'onoang'ono kwambiri omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa malingaliro atsopano pakupanga zinthu motchipa.

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa za malo ang'onoang'ono ochitira nyengo, mutha kulankhulana nafe.