Monga malo ofunikira owunikira ndi kufufuza zanyengo, malo opangira nyengo amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakumvetsetsa ndi kulosera zanyengo, kuphunzira zakusintha kwanyengo, kuteteza ulimi komanso kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha zachuma. Pepalali lifotokoza za ntchito yoyambira, kapangidwe kake, kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka malo okwerera nyengo ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake komanso kufunikira kwake.
1. Ntchito zoyambira zamawayilesi anyengo
Ntchito yaikulu ya malo okwerera nyengo ndi kutolera, kulemba ndi kusanthula deta yokhudzana ndi zanyengo. Deta iyi ikuphatikiza, koma siyimangokhala:
Kutentha: Amalemba kusintha kwa mpweya ndi kutentha kwa pamwamba.
Chinyezi: Kuyeza kuchuluka kwa nthunzi wamadzi mumpweya ndipo kumakhudza kusintha kwa nyengo.
Kuthamanga kwa Barometric: Kuwunika kusintha kwa mphamvu ya mumlengalenga kuti zithandize kulongosola kayendedwe ka nyengo.
Mvula: Kujambulitsa kuchuluka kwa mvula ndi kuchulukira kwa mvula ndikofunikira pakuwongolera zopezeka ndi madzi ndi ulimi wothirira.
Kuthamanga kwamphepo ndi komwe akupita: Malo okwerera nyengo amasonkhanitsa detayi kudzera mu ma anemometer ndi mavane a mphepo kuti athandize kupenda momwe mphepo ikukhudzira, makamaka kuneneratu za namondwe ndi namondwe.
2. Mapangidwe a malo okwerera nyengo
Malo okwerera nyengo amakhala ndi zinthu zotsatirazi kuti apeze zambiri zanyengo:
Zomverera: Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza zinthu zosiyanasiyana zakuthambo, monga masensa a kutentha, ma probe a chinyezi, ma mita amvula, ndi zina.
Chojambulira: Chipangizo chosungira deta chomwe chimalemba zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa ndi sensor.
Njira yolumikizirana: Zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa zimatumizidwa ku meteorological center kapena database mu nthawi yeniyeni kuti ziwunikenso.
Zida zamagetsi: Mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimatsimikizira kugwira ntchito mokhazikika kwa malo opangira nyengo, malo ambiri amasiku ano amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa.
Mapulogalamu okonza ndi kusanthula deta: Gwiritsani ntchito mapulogalamu apakompyuta kuti mufufuze ndikuwona momwe zinthu zilili kuti mupange zolosera zanyengo ndi malipoti a nyengo.
3. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito malo okwerera nyengo
Malo okwerera nyengo amagawidwa m'malo otengera nyengo komanso malo opangira nyengo:
Malo okwerera nyengo: Mtundu uwu wa malo okwerera nyengo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makompyuta ndi masensa, omwe amatha kutolera data maola 24 patsiku ndikuyika data munthawi yeniyeni. Malo amtundu woterewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pofufuza zasayansi komanso kulosera zanyengo, chifukwa chakuchita bwino komanso kulondola.
Malo opangira nyengo: Malo otere a nyengo amadalira akatswiri a zanyengo kuti aziwonerera tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kulemba, ngakhale kuti kulondola ndi kudalirika kwa deta ndipamwamba, koma kukhudzidwa ndi nyengo ndi ntchito yamanja, padzakhala zolepheretsa.
Pambuyo pa ndondomeko yokhazikika yokhazikika, deta ya siteshoni ya nyengo sikuti imangofunika kutsukidwa ndi kukonzedwa, komanso kufufuzidwa ndi dipatimenti ya zanyengo kuti zitsimikizire kulondola ndi kudalirika kwa chidziwitso cha zanyengo.
4. Kugwiritsa ntchito koyenera kwa malo okwerera nyengo
Malo okwerera nyengo ali ndi ntchito zofunika m'magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza:
Zolosera zanyengo: Ndi deta yomwe imaperekedwa ndi malo owonetsera nyengo, akatswiri a zanyengo amatha kusanthula zanyengo ndi kupanga zolosera zolondola zanyengo kuti athandize anthu ndi mafakitale kukonzekera pasadakhale.
Kasamalidwe kaulimi: Alimi amatha kusintha mapulani obzala malinga ndi momwe nyengo imaperekera nyengo, kukonza ulimi wothirira ndi feteleza, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ulimi ndi zokolola zakhazikika.
Kafukufuku wanyengo: Posonkhanitsa deta yanthawi yayitali, malo opangira nyengo amathandizira kuphunzira zakusintha kwanyengo ndikupereka maziko asayansi opangira mfundo ndi kuteteza chilengedwe.
Chenjezo loyambirira: Masoka achilengedwe asanachitike, malo owonetsera nyengo angapereke chenjezo loyambirira la nyengo, monga mphepo yamkuntho, mvula yamkuntho, kutentha kwakukulu, ndi zina zotero, kotero kuti maboma, mabizinesi ndi anthu okhalamo athe kuchitapo kanthu zachitetezo pasadakhale kuti achepetse kuwonongeka kwa ogwira ntchito ndi katundu.
5. Zochitika zenizeni
Chenjezo loyambirira la Mkuntho wa "Lingling" mu 2019
Mu 2019, mphepo yamkuntho ya Lingling idagwa ku East China Sea, ndipo chenjezo lamphamvu lanyengo lidaperekedwa pasadakhale chifukwa chowona kangapo kochitidwa ndi malo okwerera nyengo chimphepocho chisanadze. Machenjezo oyambirirawa amathandiza anthu okhala m’madera a m’mphepete mwa nyanja kukonzekera pasadakhale, kuchepetsa ngozi ndi kuwonongeka kwa katundu chifukwa cha mphepo yamkuntho. Dongosolo la nthawi yeniyeni loyang'anira deta ya malo a nyengo inaneneratu kukula ndi kusuntha kwa njira ya "Ling Ling" kupyolera mu kufufuza kwa mphepo yamkuntho, kupanikizika ndi deta zina, kupereka maziko a sayansi kuyankha mwadzidzidzi kwa boma laderalo.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwaulimi kwa malo okwerera nyengo kumidzi yaku China
M’madera ambiri akumidzi a ku China, madipatimenti a zanyengo akhazikitsa malo ochitirako nyengo. Poyang'anira chinyezi cha nthaka, kutentha, mvula ndi zina zambiri, malowa apanga zolosera za nyengo zomwe zingathandize alimi kukonza nthawi yobzala ndi kukolola. Mwachitsanzo, m’dera lina, kupezeka kwa mvula panthaŵi yake kunathandiza alimi kuchitapo kanthu ku chilala chomwe chikupitirizabe, kuonetsetsa kuti mbewu zikukulirakulira ndi kuchulukitsa chakudya.
Deta yanthawi yayitali mumaphunziro akusintha kwanyengo
Zaka zambiri za mbiri ya zanyengo zimasonkhanitsidwa pamalo owonetsera nyengo padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimapereka maziko olimba owunikira kusintha kwanyengo. Mwachitsanzo, bungwe la National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) la ku United States, limadalira zinthu zimene zakhala zikudziwika kwa nthawi yaitali zochokera kumalo osiyanasiyana ochitira nyengo kuti zifufuze komanso kulosera mmene nyengo idzakhalire. Iwo apeza kuti m’zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, kutentha kwapakati ku United States kwakula pang’onopang’ono, zomwe zakhudza kusintha kwa chilengedwe ndi kuchuluka kwa masoka achilengedwe. Maphunzirowa amapereka maziko a sayansi kwa opanga ndondomeko kuti apange njira zothetsera kusintha kwa nyengo ndi zovuta zomwe zimabweretsa.
6. Chitsogozo chamtsogolo cha chitukuko
Malo okwerera nyengo akusintha pamene ukadaulo ukupita patsogolo. Malo okwerera nyengo mtsogolomu adzakhala anzeru kwambiri, olumikizidwa ndi intaneti komanso ophatikizana:
Malo opangira nyengo: Gwiritsani ntchito luntha lochita kupanga komanso ukadaulo wawukulu wosanthula deta kuti muwongolere magwiridwe antchito komanso olondola.
Netiweki: Netiweki imapangidwa pakati pa masiteshoni angapo anyengo kuti igawane zenizeni zenizeni ndikuwongolera kuthekera konse kowunika.
Kuyang'anira mumlengalenga: Kuphatikiza matekinoloje atsopano monga ma drones ndi ma satellite kuti akulitse kukula ndi kuya kwa kuwunika kwanyengo.
Mapeto
Monga malo ofunikira owonera zanyengo ndi kafukufuku, malo okwerera nyengo samangopereka chidziwitso chofunikira pazanyengo, komanso amagwiranso ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga kafukufuku wakusintha kwanyengo, ntchito zaulimi zanyengo ndi chenjezo loyambirira kwa tsoka. Kupyolera mu kupita patsogolo kwaumisiri kosalekeza ndi kusinthidwa kwa deta, malo owonetsera nyengo adzapereka chithandizo cholondola komanso chanthawi yake cha nyengo pa moyo wa anthu ndi chitukuko cha zachuma, ndikuthandizira kuthetsa vuto la kusintha kwa nyengo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-15-2025