South America ili ndi nyengo ndi malo osiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku nkhalango ya Amazon mpaka kumapiri a Andes mpaka ku Pampas yaikulu. Mafakitale monga ulimi, mphamvu, ndi zoyendera amadalira kwambiri zinthu zakuthambo. Monga chida chachikulu chosonkhanitsira deta yazanyengo, malo opangira zanyengo akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku South America. Poyang'anira zenizeni zenizeni za nyengo monga kutentha, mvula, kuthamanga kwa mphepo, ndi chinyezi, malo owonetsera zanyengo amapereka chithandizo chofunikira pa ulimi, chenjezo la masoka, kayendetsedwe ka madzi, ndi zina.
1. Ntchito ndi ubwino wa meteorological station
Malo okwerera zanyengo ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'anira ndi kujambula zanyengo, nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza izi:
Kuwunika kwamitundu ingapo: Imatha kuyang'anira magawo angapo anyengo monga kutentha, mvula, kuthamanga kwa mphepo, mayendedwe amphepo, chinyezi, kuthamanga kwa mpweya, ndi ma radiation adzuwa munthawi yeniyeni.
Kujambulitsa ndi kutumiza deta: Malo okwerera zanyengo amatha kujambula deta ndikutumiza deta ku database yapakati kapena nsanja yamtambo kudzera pa netiweki yopanda zingwe kuti muunike mosavuta ndikugawana nawo.
Kulondola kwambiri komanso nthawi yeniyeni: Malo amakono a meteorological amagwiritsa ntchito masensa apamwamba kwambiri kuti apereke zenizeni zenizeni komanso zolondola zanyengo.
Kuyang'anira patali: Kudzera pa intaneti, ogwiritsa ntchito atha kupeza data yapamalo a meteorological station kuti awonere zenizeni komanso chenjezo loyambirira.
Kugwiritsa ntchito malo okwerera nyengo ku South America kuli ndi zabwino izi:
Kuthandizira ulimi wolondola: patsani alimi zidziwitso zolondola zanyengo kuti athandizire kukonza bwino zobzala ndi ulimi wothirira.
Chenjezo la masoka: kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi yeniyeni ya zochitika za nyengo zoopsa monga mvula yambiri, chilala, mphepo yamkuntho, ndi zina zotero, kuti apereke maziko otetezera masoka ndi kuyankha mwadzidzidzi.
Kasamalidwe ka gwero la madzi: kuyang'anira mvula ndi kutuluka kwa nthunzi, kasamalidwe ka malo osungiramo madzi ndi ndondomeko ya ulimi wothirira.
Kafukufuku wasayansi: perekani deta yanthawi yayitali komanso yosalekeza yazanyengo yofufuza zanyengo komanso kuteteza chilengedwe.
2. Milandu yofunsira ntchito ku South America
2.1 Mbiri ya ntchito
Nyengo ya ku South America ndi yovuta komanso yosiyanasiyana, ndipo madera ena kaŵirikaŵiri amakhudzidwa ndi nyengo yoipa, monga mvula yamphamvu ku Amazon, chisanu ku Andes, ndi chilala ku Pampas. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa malo owonetsera nyengo kumapereka chithandizo chofunika kwambiri cha meteorological data kumaderawa, kuthandiza mafakitale monga ulimi, mphamvu, ndi kayendedwe kuti athane ndi zovuta za kusintha kwa nyengo.
2.2 Milandu yeniyeni yogwiritsira ntchito
Mlandu 1: Kugwiritsa ntchito kwanyengo paulimi wolondola ku Brazil
Dziko la Brazil ndilofunika kwambiri kugulitsa zinthu zaulimi padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo ulimi umadalira kwambiri zanyengo. Ku Mato Grosso, ku Brazil, alimi a soya ndi chimanga akwanitsa kuyendetsa bwino ulimi potumiza malo ochitira nyengo. Mapulogalamu enieni ndi awa:
Njira yotumizira: Ikani masiteshoni anyengo m'mafamu, pomwe siteshoni imodzi imayikidwa pa masikweya kilomita 10 aliwonse.
Kuwunika magawo: kutentha, mpweya, chinyezi, liwiro la mphepo, kuwala kwa dzuwa, etc.
Kugwiritsa ntchito:
Alimi amatha kusintha nthawi yofesa ndi ulimi wothirira potengera nthawi yeniyeni yanyengo kuti achepetse kuwonongeka kwa madzi.
Polosera kugwa mvula ndi chilala, konzani feteleza ndi ndondomeko zowononga tizilombo kuti muonjezere zokolola.
Mu 2020, kupanga soya ku Mato Grosso kudakwera pafupifupi 12% chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito deta yolondola yazanyengo.
Mlandu 2: Netiweki yanyengo yanyengo ku Andes waku Peru
Mapiri a Andes a ku Peru ndi malo ofunikira kubzala mbatata ndi chimanga, koma derali limakhala ndi nyengo yosinthika, yomwe imakhala ndi chisanu komanso chilala. Boma la Peru lagwirizana ndi mabungwe ofufuza za sayansi kuti akhazikitse malo ochezera a nyengo ku Andes kuti athandizire chitukuko chaulimi. Mapulogalamu enieni ndi awa:
Njira yotumizira anthu: Ikani malo anyengo ang'onoang'ono m'madera okwera kuti akwaniritse madera akuluakulu aulimi.
Kuwunika magawo: kutentha, mvula, liwiro la mphepo, chenjezo lachisanu, ndi zina.
Kugwiritsa ntchito:
Alimi amatha kulandira machenjezo a chisanu operekedwa ndi malo owonetsera nyengo kudzera m'mafoni awo a m'manja, kutenga njira zodzitetezera pakapita nthawi, ndi kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mbewu.
Deta yanyengo imathandizira kukonza bwino mapulani a ulimi wothirira komanso kuchepetsa chilala paulimi.
Mu 2021, kupanga mbatata m'derali kudakwera ndi 15% chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito malo opangira nyengo.
Mlandu 3: Kugwiritsa ntchito malo okwerera nyengo ku Pampas yaku Argentina
Pampas ya ku Argentina ndi malo ofunika kwambiri a ziweto ndi tirigu ku South America, koma derali nthawi zambiri limakhudzidwa ndi chilala ndi kusefukira kwa madzi. Bungwe la National Meteorological Service la ku Argentina latumiza malo ambiri a nyengo ku Pampas kuti athandize ulimi ndi ziweto. Mapulogalamu enieni ndi awa:
Njira yotumizira: Ikani malo ochitira nyengo m'malo odyetserako udzu ndi minda, pomwe siteshoni imodzi imayikidwa pa masikweya kilomita 20 aliwonse.
Kuwunika magawo: mpweya, kutentha, chinyezi, liwiro la mphepo, evaporation, etc.
Kugwiritsa ntchito:
Oweta ziweto amatha kusintha mapulani odyetserako ziweto potengera zanyengo kuti apewe kuwonongeka kwa ziweto panyengo yovuta.
Alimi amagwiritsa ntchito deta ya mvula kuti akwaniritse ulimi wothirira ndi nthawi yofesa kuti awonjezere zokolola za tirigu ndi chimanga.
Mu 2022, zokolola zambewu ku Pampas zidakwera ndi 8% chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito malo opangira nyengo.
Mlandu 4: Kugwiritsa ntchito malo okwerera nyengo m'magawo a vinyo aku Chile
Chile ndiwopanga vinyo wofunikira ku South America, ndipo kulima mphesa kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi nyengo. M'chigawo chapakati cha chigwa cha Chile, malo opangira vinyo akwaniritsa kasamalidwe kabwino ka kulima mphesa potumiza malo amnyengo. Mapulogalamu enieni ndi awa:
Njira yotumizira: Ikani malo ochitira nyengo m'munda wa mpesa, pomwe siteshoni imodzi imayikidwa pa mahekitala asanu aliwonse.
Kuwunika magawo: kutentha, chinyezi, mpweya, kuwala kwa dzuwa, chenjezo lachisanu, etc.
Kugwiritsa ntchito:
Winneries akhoza kusintha ndondomeko ulimi wothirira ndi feteleza kutengera za meteorological deta kusintha mphesa khalidwe.
Dongosolo lochenjeza za chisanu limathandiza opangira vinyo kuchitapo kanthu panthawi yake kuti ateteze mipesa kuti isawonongeke ndi chisanu.
Mu 2021, zokolola za vinyo ndi mtundu m'chigwa chapakati cha Chile zidasintha kwambiri chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito malo okwerera nyengo.
3. Mapeto
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa malo okhudza zanyengo ku South America kumapereka chithandizo chofunikira cha data pazaulimi, kuweta nyama, kasamalidwe ka madzi ndi madera ena, kuthandiza kuthana ndi mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo. Kupyolera mu kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni ndi kusanthula deta, malo owonetsera zanyengo sikuti amangowonjezera kupanga bwino komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida, komanso amapereka zida zamphamvu zochenjeza masoka ndi kafukufuku wasayansi. M'tsogolomu, ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo komanso kukwezedwa kwa kugwiritsa ntchito, chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito malo azanyengo ku South America chidzakhala chokulirapo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-18-2025