Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa nyengo, Southeast Asia ikukumana ndi vuto la kusefukira kwa madzi komanso chilala. Mtundu watsopano wa siteshoni yanyengo yophatikiza kuyang'anira mwanzeru ndi ntchito zochenjeza koyambirira ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo osungira madzi a m'dera lino, kupereka chidziwitso cholondola chothandizira kasamalidwe ka madzi, chenjezo la kusefukira ndi kutumiza chilala, ndipo yakhala mphamvu yofunika kwambiri yaukadaulo yotchinjiriza chitetezo chamadzi.
Mavuto a nyengo akukumana ndi kasamalidwe ka madzi otetezedwa ku Southeast Asia
Njira yosungira madzi ku Southeast Asia ikuyang'anizana ndi chiyeso chachikulu
• Kugwa mvula yamphamvu mowirikiza: Mvula yamphamvu yadzidzidzi imapangitsa kuti madzi a mitsinje achuluke kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yochenjeza za kusefukira sikukwanira.
• Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kuchoka ku chilala kupita ku kusefukira kwa madzi: Chilala cha nyengo chimasinthana ndi mvula yamphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugawa kwa madzi kukhala kovuta kwambiri.
• Kusowa kwa deta: Zambiri zanyengo kumadera akumidzi zilibe kanthu, ndipo zisankho za kasungidwe ka madzi zilibe maziko.
• Kuwonongeka kwa zida: Kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri kumafupikitsa moyo wa zida zakale
Kupambana kwatsopano m'malo apadera azanyengo posungira madzi
Potengera mawonekedwe a malo osungira madzi otentha, mibadwo yatsopano yamalo owonera zanyengo yapeza zopambana zaukadaulo:
• Kukonzekera kwamtundu wa chenjezo la kusefukira kwa madzi: Zokhala ndi masensa angapo monga ma geji amvula (kulondola ± 0.2mm), zoyezera madzi, ndi ma flow meters.
• Mapangidwe apamwamba a anti-corrosion: 316 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zosagwirizana ndi dzimbiri zopopera mchere kwa maola opitilira 2000
• Dongosolo lamagetsi adzuwa: Limatha kugwira ntchito mosalekeza kwa masiku 30 pamasiku mvula, kuwonetsetsa kuyang'anira mosadukiza nthawi ya kusefukira kwa madzi.
• Kutumiza kwapawiri kwa 4G/ Satellite: Deta imatha kukhala yosalala ngakhale m'malo opanda chizindikiro
Kugwiritsa ntchito kothandiza kwapeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri
Mtsinje wa Mekong (magawo a Thailand ndi Vietnam)
Nthawi yochenjeza za kusefukira kwa madzi yawonjezedwa kuchokera ku 2 hours mpaka 12 hours
Mu 2023, nsonga zazikulu zitatu za kusefukira zidachenjezedwa bwino, zomwe zimachepetsa kuwonongeka kwachuma ndi madola opitilira mamiliyoni khumi aku US.
Mlingo wolondola wa zoneneratu za kuchuluka kwa madzi umafika 90%, zomwe zimatsogolera malo osungira kuti atulutse madzi osefukira pasadakhale.
Chigawo cha zilumba za Indonesia
Kuwunika nthawi yeniyeni ya kayendedwe ka malo amvula yamkuntho
Mu 2024, masoka 17 a kusefukira kwa mapiri anachenjezedwa pasadakhale nyengo yamvula
Perekani chithandizo chachikulu cha data pazosankha zochoka
The Philippine Water System
• Kuyang'anira mwatsatanetsatane machitidwe a mitambo yamvula nthawi ya chilala
Atsogolereni kasungidwe ndi katumizidwe ka madzi osungira kuti madzi azitha kupezeka m'nyengo yachilimwe
Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi amthirira kwakwera ndi 35%
Boma ndi dipatimenti yosamalira madzi ayankha bwino
Madipatimenti osunga madzi m’maiko ambiri akum’mwera chakum’mawa kwa Asia akufulumizitsa ntchito yawo
Dipatimenti Yoona za Madzi ku Thailand yakhazikitsa malo 200 owonetsetsa kuti ayang'anire mtsinje wa Mekong
Unduna wa Zaulimi ndi Zakumidzi ku Vietnam waphatikiza dongosololi mu dongosolo lanzeru lomanga malo osungira madzi
Bungwe la Indonesian Disaster Prevention and Control Agency lakhazikitsa njira yochenjeza anthu kuti asasefukire m’mapiri
Bungwe la Philippine Meteorological and Hydrological Service lakonza njira zowunikira mitsinje
Umboni wotsimikizika wogwiritsa ntchito
Songchai, yemwe ndi katswiri woona za ntchito yoteteza madzi ku Thailand, anati: “Dongosololi latithandiza kuona kuti mvula ikugwa kumtunda kwa nthawi yeniyeni kwa nthawi yoyamba.
Mlimi wina wa ku Mekong Delta ku Vietnam, dzina lake Nguyen Van Phuc, ananena kuti: “Tsopano mafoni athu a m’manja amatha kulandira machenjezo olondola a madzi a m’mudzimo.
Ntchito zazikulu za dongosolo
1. Kuneneratu kwanzeru kusefukira kwa madzi: Kutengera chitsanzo cha kugwa kwa mvula, perekani zoneneratu za kusefukira kwa mitsinje
2. Kuyang'anira ndi kuunika kwachilala: Kuyang'anira chinyezi munthaka munthawi yeniyeni komanso kupereka machenjezo a chilala.
3. Kukonzekera koyenera kwa zotengera madzi: Perekani chithandizo cholondola cha data pakukonza nkhokwe
4. Thandizo lalamulo ladzidzidzi: Perekani mvula yeniyeni komanso deta yamadzi pa nthawi ya masoka
5. Kusanthula kwanthawi yayitali: Sonkhanitsani deta ya hydrological kuti muthandizire kukonzekera kasungidwe ka madzi
Ndondomeko yotsatsa ndi kutumiza
Mothandizidwa ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse, ntchitoyi ikulimbikitsidwa mofulumira
Banki ya Asia Development Bank imapereka chithandizo cha ngongole zokongoletsedwa
United Nations Agency for Disaster Risk Reduction imapereka thandizo laukadaulo
China yathandizira pomanga maukonde owunikira ku Laos ndi Cambodia
Singapore imapereka chithandizo chaukadaulo pa nsanja yosinthira deta
Future Outlook
Ndikusintha kosalekeza kwa dongosololi, zikuyembekezeka kuti pofika 2025:
Imakwirira 90% ya mitsinje ikuluikulu ku Southeast Asia
Kutsogola kwa machenjezo a kusefukira kwa madzi kwafika maola 24
Mlingo wolondola wa kuneneratu chilala ukuposa 85%
Kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwachuma komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa madzi ndi 30%
Kuwunika kwa akatswiri
Dr. Nguyen, katswiri wosamalira madzi wa ku Southeast Asia, anati, “Tekinoloje imeneyi imadzaza mpata woonetsetsa kuti madzi asamawonongedwe m’madera otentha, ndipo amapereka chithandizo chofunika kwambiri chaumisiri chothetsera kusintha kwa nyengo komanso kukhala chitsimikizo chofunika kwambiri cha chitetezo cha madzi m’madera.”
Kukwezeleza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira yanzeru yowunikira zam'mlengalenga ndikumanga njira yodzitchinjiriza yoteteza madzi ku Southeast Asia, kuteteza miyoyo ndi nyumba zapadziko lino.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-09-2025