Zinthu Zogwirizana ndi Hydrological Radar Flow Meter ndi Milandu Yogwiritsira Ntchito

IMu madera owunikira madzi, kukhetsa madzi m'mizinda, ndi kuchenjeza kusefukira kwa madzi, kuyeza molondola komanso modalirika kuyenda kwa madzi m'njira zotseguka (monga mitsinje, ngalande zothirira madzi, ndi mapaipi otulutsira madzi) ndikofunikira kwambiri. Njira zoyezera kuthamanga kwa madzi nthawi zambiri zimafuna kuti masensa azimizidwa m'madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti awonongeke ndi zinyalala, zinyalala, dzimbiri, komanso kusefukira kwa madzi. Kutuluka kwa mita yolumikizira madzi ya radar, yokhala ndi ubwino wosakhudzana, wolondola kwambiri, komanso wogwira ntchito zambiri, kumathetsa mavutowa bwino ndipo kukuchulukirachulukira kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri yowunikira madzi masiku ano.

I. Kodi choyezera kuyenda kwa madzi “cholumikizidwa” n’chiyani?

Mawu akuti "kuphatikiza" amatanthauza kuphatikiza ntchito zitatu zazikulu zoyezera kukhala chipangizo chimodzi:

1. Kuyeza Velocity: Amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya radar Doppler effect potulutsa ma microwave pamwamba pa madzi ndikulandira ma echo, kuwerengera liwiro la kuyenda kwa madzi pamwamba kutengera kusintha kwa ma frequency.
2. Kuyeza Mlingo wa Madzi: Kumagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa radar wa Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW), kuyeza bwino mtunda kuchokera pa sensa kupita pamwamba pa madzi powerengera kusiyana kwa nthawi pakati pa kutumiza kwa microwave ndi kulandira, motero kupeza mlingo wa madzi.
3. Kuwerengera Kuchuluka kwa Mayendedwe: Yokhala ndi purosesa yogwira ntchito bwino, imawerengera yokha kuchuluka kwa madzi nthawi yomweyo komanso kokwanira pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya hydraulic (monga njira ya velocity-area) kutengera muyeso weniweni wa kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi velocity, kuphatikiza mawonekedwe ndi miyeso ya njira yolowera isanalowe (monga rectangle, trapezoidal, circular).

II. Makhalidwe ndi Ubwino wa Zinthu Zazikulu

1. Muyeso Wosakhudzana ndi Kukhudza Konse
   • Mbali: Sensa imapachikidwa pamwamba pa madzi popanda kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi madzi.
   • Ubwino: Imapewa kwathunthu mavuto monga kusonkhanitsa zinyalala, kutsekeka kwa zinyalala, dzimbiri, ndi kupukuta, kuchepetsa kwambiri ndalama zokonzera ndi kuwonongeka kwa masensa. Imagwira ntchito makamaka m'malo ovuta monga kusefukira kwa madzi ndi zimbudzi.
2. Kulondola Kwambiri ndi Kudalirika
   • Mbali: Ukadaulo wa radar umapereka mphamvu zolimba zotsutsana ndi kusokoneza ndipo sukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu zachilengedwe monga kutentha, chinyezi, ndi ubwino wa madzi. Kulondola kwa muyeso wa madzi a radar ya FMCW kumatha kufika ±2mm, ndi muyeso wokhazikika wa liwiro.
   • Ubwino: Imapereka deta yolondola, yokhazikika, komanso yokhazikika yamadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale maziko odalirika opangira zisankho.
3. Kukhazikitsa ndi Kusamalira Kosavuta
   • Mbali: Imafunika bulaketi yokha (monga pa mlatho kapena ndodo) kuti ikonze sensa pamwamba pa ngalande, yogwirizana ndi gawo loyezera. Palibe chifukwa chopangira nyumba zapakhomo monga zitsime zoziziritsira kapena ma flume.
   • Ubwino: Zimathandiza kwambiri kukonza zinthu, kuchepetsa nthawi yomanga, kuchepetsa ndalama zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi boma komanso zoopsa zoyika zinthu. Kukonza tsiku ndi tsiku kumafuna kusunga lenzi ya radar ili yoyera, kuchepetsa ntchito zosamalira.
4. Kugwira Ntchito Kogwirizana, Mwanzeru komanso Mogwira Mtima
   • Mbali: Kapangidwe ka "kophatikizidwa" kalowa m'malo mwa zida zachikhalidwe zambiri monga "sensa yamadzi + sensa ya liwiro la kuyenda + gawo lowerengera kuyenda."
   • Ubwino: Zimathandiza kuti dongosolo likhale losavuta komanso kuchepetsa mavuto omwe angabwere. Ma algorithms omangidwa mkati mwake amachita mawerengedwe onse okha ndikutumiza deta patali kudzera pa 4G/5G, LoRa, Ethernet, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ntchito yoyendetsedwa ndi munthu aliyense igwire ntchito komanso kuyang'anira patali.
5. Kugwiritsidwa Ntchito Kosiyanasiyana ndi Kotakata
   • Mbali: Yokhoza kuyeza madzi osefukira mofulumira komanso mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo muyeso wa madzi umafika mamita 30 kapena kupitirira apo.
   • Ubwino: Woyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse kuyambira nyengo youma mpaka nyengo ya kusefukira kwa madzi. Chipangizochi sichidzamizidwa kapena kuwonongeka chifukwa cha kukwera mwadzidzidzi kwa madzi, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti deta ikusonkhanitsidwa mosalekeza.

III. Milandu Yodziwika Bwino Yogwiritsira Ntchito

Nkhani 1: Chenjezo la Kuthira Madzi Mwanzeru ku Mizinda ndi Kuthira Madzi

• Chitsanzo: Mzinda waukulu uyenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi m'mapaipi akuluakulu otulutsira madzi ndi mitsinje nthawi yomweyo kuti ayankhe mvula yamkuntho yoopsa ndikuyambitsa mwachangu njira zowongolera kusefukira kwa madzi ndi madzi otayira madzi.
• Vuto: Masensa akale obisika pansi pa madzi amatsekeka kapena kuwonongeka mosavuta ndi zinyalala nthawi yamvula yamphamvu, ndipo kuyika ndi kukonza kwawo m'zitsime n'kovuta komanso koopsa.
• Yankho: Ikani zoyezera kayendedwe ka radar m'malo otulutsira mapaipi akuluakulu ndi m'malo odutsa mitsinje, zoyikidwa pa milatho kapena mitengo yapadera.
• Zotsatira zake: Zipangizozi zimagwira ntchito bwino maola 24 pa tsiku, masiku 7 pa sabata, ndikuyika deta yeniyeni yoyendera madzi ku nsanja yoyendetsera madzi yanzeru mumzinda. Pamene kuchuluka kwa madzi kukukwera, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti madzi akuchuluka, makinawa amapereka machenjezo okha, zomwe zimapatsa nthawi yothandiza yoyankhira. Kuyeza kosakhudzana ndi madzi kumatsimikizira kulondola ngakhale m'malo odzaza ndi zinyalala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu asamavutike kulowa m'malo oopsa kuti akakonze.

Nkhani 2: Kuwunika Kutulutsa kwa Mayendedwe a Zachilengedwe mu Uinjiniya wa Hydraulic

• Chitsanzo: Malamulo okhudza chilengedwe amafuna kuti malo opangira magetsi ndi malo osungiramo madzi azitulutsa "madzi oyendamo" kuti asunge thanzi la mtsinje, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwunika kosalekeza kutsatira malamulo.
• Vuto: Malo otulutsira zinthu ali ndi malo ovuta okhala ndi madzi osasunthika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukhazikitsa zida zachikhalidwe kukhale kovuta komanso kuwonongeka mosavuta.
• Yankho: Ikani ma radar flow meters ophatikizidwa pamwamba pa njira zotulutsira madzi kuti muyese mwachindunji liwiro ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi a flow yomwe yatulutsidwa.
• Zotsatira zake: Chipangizochi chimayesa molondola deta ya kayendedwe ka madzi osakhudzidwa ndi kugwedezeka ndi kupopera madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa malipoti okha. Izi zimapereka umboni wosatsutsika wotsatira malamulo kwa akuluakulu oyang'anira madzi pomwe amapewa zovuta zoyika zida m'malo oopsa.

Nkhani 3: Kuyeza Madzi Othirira Ulimi

• Chitsanzo: Madera akuluakulu othirira amafunika kuyeza molondola kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amatengedwa panjira zosiyanasiyana kuti azitha kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa madzi.
• Vuto: Ma channel ali ndi matope ambiri, omwe amatha kubisa masensa olumikizana. Kupereka magetsi ndi kulumikizana ndizovuta.
• Yankho: Gwiritsani ntchito zoyezera ma radar zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa zomwe zayikidwa pa milatho yoyezera pamwamba pa ngalande za pafamu.
• Zotsatira zake: Kuyeza kosakhudzana ndi madzi kumanyalanyaza mavuto a dothi, mphamvu ya dzuwa imathetsa mavuto a magetsi akumunda, ndipo kutumiza deta opanda zingwe kumathandiza kuyeza madzi othirira okha komanso molondola, kulimbikitsa kusunga madzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino.

Nkhani 4: Kumanga Siteshoni ya Madzi ya Mitsinje Yaing'ono ndi Yapakatikati

• Chitsanzo: Kumanga malo osungira madzi m'madera akutali pa mitsinje yaying'ono ndi yapakatikati monga gawo la netiweki yamadzi ya dziko lonse.
• Vuto: Ndalama zambiri zomangira komanso kukonza kovuta, makamaka nthawi ya kusefukira kwa madzi pamene kuyeza madzi kumakhala koopsa komanso kovuta.
• Yankho: Gwiritsani ntchito zida zoyezera kayendedwe ka radar ngati zida zoyezera kayendedwe ka madzi, zomwe zimathandizidwa ndi zitsime zosavuta zoziziritsira madzi (zoyezera kayendedwe ka madzi) ndi makina amphamvu ya dzuwa kuti mumange malo osungira madzi opanda anthu.
• Zotsatira zake: Zimachepetsa kwambiri mavuto a zomangamanga ndi ndalama zomangira malo osungira madzi, zimathandiza kuyang'anira kayendedwe ka madzi, kuchotsa zoopsa zachitetezo kwa ogwira ntchito panthawi yoyezera kusefukira kwa madzi, komanso zimathandizira kuti deta ya madzi ifike nthawi yake komanso kukwanira.

Chidule cha IV.

Ndi mawonekedwe ake odziwika bwino monga kugwira ntchito kosakhudzana ndi madzi, kuphatikiza kwakukulu, kuyika kosavuta, komanso kusakonza kochepa, choyezera madzi cholumikizidwa ndi radar chikusintha njira zachikhalidwe zowunikira madzi. Chimathetsa mavuto oyezera m'mikhalidwe yovuta ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ngalande zamadzi m'mizinda, uinjiniya wa hydraulic, kuyang'anira zachilengedwe, kuthirira ulimi, ndi madera ena ambiri. Chimapereka chithandizo champhamvu cha deta komanso chitsimikizo chaukadaulo pakuwongolera madzi mwanzeru, kuyang'anira madzi, komanso kupewa kusefukira kwa madzi ndi chilala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale chida chofunikira kwambiri m'makina amakono owunikira madzi.

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