Community Weather Information Network (Co-WIN) ndi pulojekiti yogwirizana pakati pa Hong Kong Observatory (HKO), University of Hong Kong ndi Chinese University of Hong Kong. Imapatsa masukulu ndi mabungwe ammudzi omwe akutenga nawo mbali nsanja yapaintaneti yopereka chithandizo chaukadaulo chowathandiza kukhazikitsa ndikuwongolera malo ochitira nyengo okha (AWS) ndikupatsa anthu deta yowonera kuphatikizapo kutentha, chinyezi, mvula, kayendedwe ka mphepo ndi liwiro, komanso mpweya, mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi UV index. Kudzera mu njirayi, ophunzira omwe akutenga nawo mbali amapeza luso monga kugwiritsa ntchito zida, kuyang'anira nyengo, ndi kusanthula deta. AWS Co-WIN ndi yosavuta koma yosinthasintha. Tiyeni tiwone momwe imasiyanirana ndi kukhazikitsa kwa HKKO mu AWS.
Co-WIN AWS imagwiritsa ntchito ma thermometers oteteza kutentha ndi ma hygrometers omwe ndi ang'onoang'ono kwambiri ndipo amaikidwa mkati mwa chishango cha dzuwa. Chishangochi chimagwira ntchito yofanana ndi chishango cha Stevenson pa AWS yokhazikika, kuteteza masensa otenthetsera kutentha ndi chinyezi kuti asawonekere mwachindunji ku dzuwa ndi mvula pomwe amalola mpweya kuyenda bwino.
Mu malo owonera zinthu a AWS, ma thermometer oletsa platinamu amayikidwa mkati mwa chishango cha Stevenson kuti ayesere kutentha kwa babu louma ndi babu lonyowa, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chinyezi chiwerengedwe. Ena amagwiritsa ntchito masensa oyezera chinyezi kuti ayesere chinyezi. Malinga ndi malangizo a World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), ma screen a Stevenson ayenera kuyikidwa pakati pa mamita 1.25 ndi 2 kuchokera pansi. Co-WIN AWS nthawi zambiri imayikidwa padenga la nyumba ya sukulu, kupereka kuwala bwino komanso mpweya wabwino, koma pamalo okwera kwambiri kuchokera pansi.
Co-WIN AWS ndi Standard AWS zonse zimagwiritsa ntchito ma tipping bucket rain gauge poyesa mvula. Co-WIN tipping bucket rain gauge ili pamwamba pa chishango cha mphamvu ya dzuwa. Mu AWS yokhazikika, rain gauge nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pamalo otseguka bwino pansi.
Pamene madontho a mvula akulowa mu chidebe choyezera mvula, pang'onopang'ono amadzaza chidebe chimodzi mwa ziwirizi. Madzi amvula akafika pamlingo winawake, chidebecho chimapendekeka mbali inayo pansi pa kulemera kwake, kutulutsa madzi amvula. Izi zikachitika, chidebe chinacho chimakwera ndikuyamba kudzaza. Bwerezani kudzaza ndi kuthira. Kuchuluka kwa mvula kumatha kuwerengedwa powerengera kangati komwe kamapendekeka.
Co-WIN AWS ndi Standard AWS zonse zimagwiritsa ntchito ma anemometer a chikho ndi ma vene a mphepo kuti ziyeze liwiro la mphepo ndi komwe ikupita. Sensa ya mphepo ya AWS yokhazikika imayikidwa pa chitsulo cha mphepo cha mamita 10, chomwe chili ndi chowongolera mphezi ndipo chimayesa mphepo mamita 10 pamwamba pa nthaka motsatira malangizo a WMO. Sipayenera kukhala zopinga zazikulu pafupi ndi malowo. Kumbali ina, chifukwa cha zoletsa zoyikapo, masensa a mphepo a Co-WIN nthawi zambiri amayikidwa pa chitsulo cha mamita angapo kutalika padenga la nyumba zophunzirira. Pakhoza kukhalanso nyumba zazitali pafupi.
Barometer ya Co-WIN AWS ndi yolimba kwambiri ndipo imamangidwa mu console, pomwe AWS yokhazikika nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito chida china (monga capacitance barometer) poyesa kuthamanga kwa mpweya.
Masensa a dzuwa a Co-WIN AWS ndi UV amaikidwa pafupi ndi choyezera mvula cha chidebe chopindika. Chizindikiro cha mulingo chimamangiriridwa ku sensa iliyonse kuti zitsimikizire kuti sensa ili pamalo opingasa. Chifukwa chake, sensa iliyonse ili ndi chithunzi chowoneka bwino cha thambo kuti iyeze kuwala kwa dzuwa padziko lonse lapansi ndi mphamvu ya UV. Kumbali inayi, Hong Kong Observatory imagwiritsa ntchito ma pyranometer apamwamba kwambiri ndi ma radiometer a ultraviolet. Amayikidwa pa AWS yapadera, komwe kuli malo otseguka owonera kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi mphamvu ya kuwala kwa UV.
Kaya ndi AWS yopambana onse kapena AWS yokhazikika, pali zofunikira zina posankha malo. AWS iyenera kukhala kutali ndi ma air conditioner, pansi pa konkire, malo owunikira komanso makoma ataliatali. Iyeneranso kukhala pamalo pomwe mpweya ungayende bwino. Kupanda kutero, kuyeza kutentha kungakhudzidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, choyezera mvula sichiyenera kuyikidwa m'malo amphepo kuti madzi amvula asawomberedwe ndi mphepo yamphamvu ndikufika pa choyezera mvula. Ma anemometer ndi ma ventilator ayenera kuyikidwa pamwamba mokwanira kuti achepetse kutsekeka kwa nyumba zozungulira.
Kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zomwe zili pamwambapa posankha malo a AWS, bungwe la Observatory limayesetsa kwambiri kukhazikitsa AWS pamalo otseguka, opanda zopinga kuchokera ku nyumba zapafupi. Chifukwa cha zovuta zachilengedwe za nyumba ya sukulu, mamembala a Co-WIN nthawi zambiri amafunika kukhazikitsa AWS padenga la nyumba ya sukulu.
Co-WIN AWS ndi yofanana ndi "Lite AWS". Kutengera ndi zomwe zidachitika kale, Co-WIN AWS ndi "yotsika mtengo koma yolimba" - imagwira bwino ntchito pozindikira nyengo poyerekeza ndi AWS wamba.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, bungwe la Observatory layambitsa netiweki yatsopano yodziwitsa anthu, Co-WIN 2.0, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma microsensors kuyeza mphepo, kutentha, chinyezi, ndi zina zotero. Sensor imayikidwa m'nyumba yooneka ngati nyali. Zigawo zina, monga zishango za dzuwa, zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosindikiza wa 3D. Kuphatikiza apo, Co-WIN 2.0 imagwiritsa ntchito njira zina zotseguka m'ma microcontrollers ndi mapulogalamu, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri ndalama zopangira mapulogalamu ndi zida. Lingaliro la Co-WIN 2.0 ndilakuti ophunzira athe kuphunzira kupanga "DIY AWS" yawoyawo ndikupanga mapulogalamu. Pachifukwa ichi, bungwe la Observatory limakonzanso makalasi apamwamba kwa ophunzira. Bungwe la Hong Kong Observatory lapanga columnar AWS yochokera ku Co-WIN 2.0 AWS ndikuyiyika kuti igwire ntchito powunikira nyengo nthawi yeniyeni.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-14-2024