Zotsatira za kuthamanga kwamadzi pakukula kwa ovarian ndi mphamvu ya antioxidant mu carp wamkulu wa udzu (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa chilengedwe cha hydraulic engineering n'kofunikira kuti zisungidwe za nsomba. Kuthamanga kwa madzi kumadziwika kuti kumakhudza kuswana kwa nsomba zotulutsa mazira omwe akungoyenda. Phunziroli likufuna kufufuza zotsatira za kuthamanga kwa madzi pakukula kwa ovarian ndi mphamvu ya antioxidant ya udzu wamkulu wa carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) kupyolera mu mayesero a labotale kuti amvetse momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito zomwe zimayankhidwa ndi kubereka kwachilengedwe ku kayendedwe ka zachilengedwe. Tidasanthula histology, mahomoni ogonana ndi vitellogenin (VTG) kuchuluka kwa ovary, ndi zolemba za majini ofunikira mu axis ya hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG), komanso ntchito za antioxidant za ovary ndi chiwindi mu carp ya udzu. Zotsatirazo zinasonyeza kuti ngakhale kuti panalibe kusiyana koonekera pa makhalidwe a chitukuko cha ovarian cha udzu wa carp pansi pa madzi othamanga kwambiri, estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17α,20β-DHP), ndipo VTG yokhazikika inali yokwezeka, yomwe inali yokhudzana ndi kulembedwa kwa HPG. Mawonekedwe a jini (gnrh2, fshβ, lhβ, cgα, hsd20b, hsd17b3, ndi vtg) mu axis ya HPG adakwezedwa kwambiri pansi pa kusonkhezera kwamadzi, pamene a hsd3b1, cyp17a1, cyph19a, 3fda, 7b, 7a1, cyph 19a1 ndi ig1b, 7a1 kuponderezedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, kukondoweza koyenera kwa liwiro lamadzi kumatha kupititsa patsogolo thanzi la thupi powonjezera ntchito za ma enzymes a antioxidant mu ovary ndi chiwindi. Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zimapereka chidziwitso chofunikira komanso chithandizo cha data pakugwiritsa ntchito zachilengedwe zamapulojekiti amagetsi opangira mphamvu yamadzi komanso kubwezeretsanso chilengedwe cha mitsinje.
Chiyambi
Damu la Three Gorges Dam (TGD), lomwe lili mkatikati mwa mtsinje wa Yangtze, ndiye pulojekiti yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yopangira mphamvu yamadzi ndipo imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za mitsinjeyi (Tang et al., 2016). Komabe, kugwira ntchito kwa TGD sikumangosintha kwambiri kayendedwe ka madzi a mitsinje komanso kumawopseza malo okhala m'madzi kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa malo a damu, motero zimathandizira kuwononga zachilengedwe za m'mitsinje (Zhang et al., 2021). Mwatsatanetsatane, kuwongolera kwa ma reservoirs kumapangitsa kuti mitsinje iyende bwino ndikufooketsa kapena kuthetsa kusefukira kwachilengedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mazira a nsomba achepe (She et al., 2023).
Nthawi yobereketsa nsomba imakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, kuphatikiza kuthamanga kwa madzi, kutentha kwa madzi, ndi mpweya wosungunuka. Mwa kukopa kaphatikizidwe ndi katulutsidwe ka mahomoni, zinthu zachilengedwe izi zimakhudza kukula kwa nsomba (Liu et al., 2021). Makamaka, kuthamanga kwamadzi kwadziwika kuti kumakhudza kubadwa kwa nsomba zomwe zimatulutsa mazira oyenda m'mitsinje (Chen et al., 2021a). Pofuna kuchepetsa mavuto omwe amadza chifukwa cha ntchito zamadamu pakukula kwa nsomba, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa njira zenizeni za eco-hydrological kuti zilimbikitse kuswana kwa nsomba (Wang et al., 2020).

Mitundu inayi yayikulu yaku China (FMCC), kuphatikiza carp wakuda (Mylopharyngodon picus), carp ya udzu (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), ndi bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), yomwe imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kayendedwe ka madzi, imayimira nsomba zofunika kwambiri ku China. Anthu a FMCC angasamukire kumalo obereketsa ndikuyamba kubereka chifukwa cha mphutsi zothamanga kwambiri kuyambira March mpaka June, pamene kumanga ndi kugwira ntchito kwa TGD kumasintha kayendedwe ka hydrological rhythm ndikulepheretsa nsomba kusamuka (Zhang et al., 2023). Choncho, kuphatikizira kuyenda kwa chilengedwe mu ndondomeko ya ntchito ya TGD kungakhale njira yochepetsera kuteteza kubadwa kwa FMCC. Zawonetsedwa kuti kukhazikitsa kusefukira kwamadzi komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi anthu monga gawo la ntchito ya TGD kumathandizira kubereka bwino kwa FMCC kumadera akumunsi (Xiao et al., 2022). Kuchokera mu 2011, zoyesayesa zingapo zakhala zikukonzekera kulimbikitsa khalidwe la FMCC pofuna kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa FMCC kuchokera kumtsinje wa Yangtze. Zinapezeka kuti kuthamanga kwa madzi komwe kumapangitsa kuti FMCC ibereke kuchokera ku 1.11 mpaka 1.49 m / s (Cao et al., 2022), ndi kuthamanga kwabwino kwa 1.31 m / s kunadziwika kuti FMCC imatulutsa mitsinje (Chen et al., 2021a). Ngakhale kuthamanga kwamadzi kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanganso kwa FMCC, pali kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi momwe thupi limayendera potengera kubereka kwachilengedwe kukuyenda kwachilengedwe.