[Jakarta, Julayi 15, 2024] - Monga amodzi mwa mayiko omwe ali ndi masoka ambiri padziko lapansi, Indonesia yakhala ikukhudzidwa ndi kusefukira kwamadzi m'zaka zaposachedwa. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo luso lochenjeza, National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) ndi Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) atumiza njira yowunikira radar m'madera omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha kusefukira kwa madzi, kupititsa patsogolo kulondola ndi nthawi ya machenjezo a kusefukira kwa madzi.
Kusefukira Kwafupipafupi Kwambiri Kumayendetsa Zotsogola Zaukadaulo
Madera ovuta kwambiri ku Indonesia amapangitsa kuti pakhale ngozi ya kusefukira kwadzidzidzi pakagwa mvula yamkuntho, pomwe njira zowunikira madzi nthawi zambiri zimayankha pang'onopang'ono. Kutsatira kusefukira kwamphamvu kwa 2023 ku West Java komwe kudapha anthu opitilira 70, boma lidalimbikitsa "Smart Disaster Prevention Initiative," ndikuyambitsa makina a X-band weather radar m'malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu monga Bandung ndi Bogor. Dongosololi limapereka kutsata kwanthawi yeniyeni ya kuchuluka kwa mvula, kusuntha kwa mitambo, ndi kusefukira kwamadzi pamtunda wa makilomita 10, ndikusinthidwa kwa data mphindi 2.5 zilizonse.
Radar + AI: Dongosolo Lamachenjezo Lamagawo Ambiri
Dongosolo latsopanoli limaphatikiza zatsopano zitatu zazikulu:
- Ukatswiri wa Radar ya Dual-Polarization: Imasiyanitsa kukula kwa madontho amvula ndi mtundu wake pakulosera kolondola kwa mvula kwakanthawi kochepa.
- Terrain Hydrological Modelling: Imaphatikiza malo otsetsereka a madzi, machulukidwe a nthaka, ndi zinthu zina kuti awerengere kuthekera kwa kusefukira kwa madzi.
- Makina Ophunzirira Pamakina: Ophunzitsidwa pazomwe zachitika pakachitika tsoka lakale, dongosololi limapereka machenjezo amtundu uliwonse (buluu/chikasu/lalanje/wofiira) maola 3-6 pasadakhale.
Kale, tinkadalira deta ya malo ogwetsa mvula, yomwe inatipatsa chenjezo losakwana ola limodzi. Tsopano, radar imatha kuyang'ana mitambo yamvula yomwe ikuyenda pamwamba pa mapiri, kugula nthawi yofunikira kuti asamuke," anatero katswiri wa BMKG, Dewi Satriani. Panthawi ya mayesero a monsoon 2024, dongosololi linaneneratu bwino za kusefukira kwa madzi ku East Nusa Tenggara, kuchepetsa ma alarm abodza ndi 40% poyerekeza ndi njira zachikhalidwe.
Kugwirizana kwa Madera Kumawonjezera Kuyankha Mwachangu
Zidziwitso zochenjeza zimafalitsidwa kudzera munjira zingapo:
- Mapulatifomu aboma (InaRISK) amayambitsa zidziwitso za SMS.
- Nyumba zoulutsira mawu zakumudzi zimapereka machenjezo a mawu.
- Ma alarm ndi ma alarm amaikidwa m'mphepete mwa mitsinje yomwe imakonda kusefukira.
Pulogalamu yoyendetsa ndege ku Padang, West Sumatra, inasonyeza kuti nthawi yochoka m'madera omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu inachepetsedwa kukhala mphindi 25 zokha pambuyo pa chenjezo.
Mavuto ndi Zotukuka Zamtsogolo
Ngakhale kuti zikuyenda bwino, zovuta zidakalipo, kuphatikizapo kuchepa kwa radar kumadera akutali amapiri komanso kukwera mtengo kwa kukonza. BNPB ikukonzekera kukulitsa masiteshoni a radar kuchokera ku 12 mpaka 20 pofika 2025 ndipo ikugwirizana ndi Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) kuti apange ma radar otsika mtengo. Zolinga zanthawi yayitali zikuphatikizapo kuphatikiza deta ya radar ndi satellite sensing ndi maulendo a drone kuti apange makina owonetsetsa a "air-ground-space".
Kuzindikira Katswiri:
"Ichi ndi chitsanzo cha machitidwe ochenjeza mwamsanga m'mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene," adatero Arif Nugroho, Mtsogoleri wa Disaster Prevention Research Center ku yunivesite ya Jakarta. "Chotsatira ndikulimbitsa luso la maboma am'deralo kuti awonetsetse kuti machenjezo akugwira ntchito moyenera."
Mawu osakira: Indonesia, chenjezo la kusefukira kwamadzi, kuwunika kwa radar, kupewa ngozi, luntha lochita kupanga
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