Kuyambira kuyang'anira kupuma kwa nthaka mpaka machenjezo oyambirira a tizilombo, deta yosaoneka ya mpweya ikukhala michere yatsopano yamtengo wapatali kwambiri mu ulimi wamakono
Nthawi ya 5 koloko m'mawa m'minda ya letesi ku Salinas Valley ku California, masensa ang'onoang'ono kuposa kanjedza amakhala akugwira ntchito kale. Sayesa chinyezi kapena kuyang'anira kutentha; m'malo mwake, "akupuma" mosamala - kusanthula carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe zomwe zimatuluka m'nthaka. Deta yosaoneka iyi ya mpweya imatumizidwa nthawi yeniyeni kudzera pa intaneti ya Zinthu kupita ku piritsi la mlimi, ndikupanga "electrocardiogram" yogwira ntchito yowonetsa thanzi la nthaka.
Izi si nkhani yongopeka koma kusintha komwe kukuchitika pakugwiritsa ntchito sensa ya gasi mu ulimi wanzeru padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale zokambirana zikukadali kuyang'ana kwambiri pa ulimi wothirira wosunga madzi ndi kafukufuku wa malo opangidwa ndi ma drone, kusintha kwa ulimi kolondola komanso koyang'ana mtsogolo kwakhazikika mwakachetechete mu mpweya uliwonse wa nthaka.
I. Kuchokera ku Kutulutsa Mpweya wa Kaboni kupita ku Kusamalira Mpweya wa Kaboni: Ntchito Yachiwiri ya Masensa a Gasi
Ulimi wachikhalidwe ndi gwero lalikulu la mpweya wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo nitrous oxide (N₂O) yochokera ku ntchito zosamalira nthaka imakhala ndi mphamvu yotentha yowirikiza nthawi 300 kuposa CO₂. Tsopano, masensa olondola kwambiri a mpweya akusintha mpweya woipa wosamveka bwino kukhala deta yolondola.
Mu mapulojekiti anzeru okonzera kutentha ku Netherlands, masensa a CO₂ ogawidwa amalumikizidwa ndi makina opumira mpweya ndi magetsi owonjezera. Pamene mawerengedwe a masensa ali pansi pa mulingo woyenera wa photosynthesis ya mbewu, makinawo amatulutsa okha CO₂ yowonjezera; pamene kuchuluka kuli kwakukulu, mpweya umayatsidwa. Makinawa apeza kuchuluka kwa zokolola ndi 15-20% pomwe amachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi pafupifupi 25%.
“Tinkangoganizira zinthu motengera zomwe takumana nazo; tsopano deta imatiuza zoona za mphindi iliyonse,” adatero mlimi wa phwetekere waku Dutch munkhani yaukadaulo ya LinkedIn. “Zida zoyezera gasi zili ngati kukhazikitsa 'chowunikira cha metabolic' cha nyumba yobiriwira.”
II. Kupitilira Chikhalidwe: Momwe Deta ya Gasi Imapereka Machenjezo Oyambirira a Tizilombo ndi Kukonza Kukolola
Kugwiritsa ntchito masensa a gasi kumapitirira patali kuposa kasamalidwe ka mpweya woipa. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti pamene mbewu zikuukiridwa ndi tizilombo kapena zili pansi pa kupsinjika maganizo, zimatulutsa mankhwala enaake osasunthika (VOCs), ofanana ndi "chizindikiro cha mavuto" cha chomera.
Munda wa mpesa ku Australia unakhazikitsa netiweki yowunikira ya VOC. Masensa atazindikira mawonekedwe enieni a mpweya omwe akuwonetsa chiopsezo cha mildew, makinawa adapereka machenjezo oyambirira, zomwe zidalola kuti matendawa alowererepo asanayambe kuonekera, motero kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito fungicide ndi oposa 40%.
Pa YouTube, kanema wa sayansi wotchedwa"Kununkhiza Zokolola: Momwe Masensa a Ethylene Amadziwira Nthawi Yabwino Yosankha"idapeza mawonedwe opitilira 2 miliyoni. Ikuwonetsa bwino momwe masensa a gasi wa ethylene, poyang'anira kuchuluka kwa "hormone yakucha" iyi, amawongolera bwino malo ozizira panthawi yosungira ndi kunyamula nthochi ndi maapulo, kuchepetsa kutayika pambuyo pokolola kuchokera pa avareji ya mafakitale ya 30% mpaka pansi pa 15%.
III. 'Akaunti wa Methane' pa Famu: Kuzindikira Gasi Mphamvu Ulimi Wokhazikika wa Ziweto
Ulimi wa ziweto ndi umene umayambitsa kwambiri mpweya woipa padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo methane yochokera ku kupsa kwa ng'ombe m'matumbo ndi gwero lalikulu. Masiku ano, m'mafamu akuluakulu ku Ireland ndi New Zealand, mtundu watsopano wa choyezera mpweya wa methane ukuyesedwa.
Masensa awa amaikidwa pamalo opumira mpweya m'makhola ndi m'malo ofunikira m'malo odyetserako ziweto, akuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa methane nthawi zonse. Detayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito osati powerengera kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa carbon komanso kuphatikiza ndi pulogalamu yopanga chakudya. Deta yotulutsa mpweya ikawonetsa kukwera kosazolowereka, dongosololi limalimbikitsa kufufuza kuchuluka kwa chakudya kapena thanzi la ziweto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale phindu kwa onse pa chilengedwe komanso ulimi. Kafukufuku wofanana, wotulutsidwa mu fomu yolembedwa pa Vimeo, wakopa chidwi cha anthu ambiri m'gulu la akatswiri a zaulimi.
IV. Deta Yokhudza Malo Ochezera a Pa Intaneti: Kuchokera ku Chida Chaukadaulo mpaka Kuphunzitsa Anthu Onse
Kusinthaku kwa "kununkhira kwa digito" kukuyambitsanso zokambirana pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti. Pa Twitter, pansi pa ma hashtag monga #AgriGasTech ndi #SmartSoil, akatswiri a zaulimi, opanga masensa, ndi magulu azachilengedwe amagawana milandu yaposachedwa padziko lonse lapansi. Tweet yokhudza "kugwiritsa ntchito deta ya masensa kuti muwongolere kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi 50%" idalandira ma retweets ambirimbiri.
Pa TikTok ndi Facebook, alimi amagwiritsa ntchito makanema afupiafupi kuti ayerekezere kukula kwa mbewu ndi ndalama zolowera musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito masensa ndi mutagwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukadaulo wovuta ukhale womveka bwino. Pinterest ili ndi zithunzi zambiri zomwe zikuwonetsa momveka bwino zochitika zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kuchuluka kwa deta ya masensa a gasi muulimi, zomwe zimakhala zinthu zodziwika bwino kwa aphunzitsi ndi olankhulana ndi sayansi.
V. Mavuto ndi Tsogolo: Kupita ku Ulimi Wanzeru Wozindikira Zonse
Ngakhale kuti pali chiyembekezo chabwino, mavuto akadalipo: kukhazikika kwa masensa kwa nthawi yayitali, malo ndi kulinganiza mitundu ya deta, komanso ndalama zoyambira zogulira. Komabe, pamene mtengo waukadaulo wa masensa ukutsika ndipo mitundu yowunikira deta ya AI ikukula, kuyang'anira mpweya kukusintha kuchoka pakugwiritsa ntchito mfundo imodzi kupita ku tsogolo logwirizana komanso logwirizana.
Famu yanzeru yamtsogolo idzakhala mgwirizano wogwirizana wa masensa amadzi, nthaka, gasi, ndi kujambula zithunzi, pamodzi kupanga "mapasa a digito" a minda, kuwonetsa momwe imakhalira nthawi yeniyeni ndikupangitsa ulimi wolondola komanso wosamala nyengo.
Mapeto:
Kusintha kwa ulimi kwapita patsogolo kuchoka pa kudalira tsogolo mpaka kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya madzi, kuyambira kusintha kwa makina mpaka kusintha kobiriwira, ndipo tsopano ikulowa mu nthawi ya kusintha kwa deta. Zipangizo zoyezera gasi, monga mwa "malingaliro" ake amphamvu kwambiri, zikutilola koyamba "kumva" mpweya wa nthaka ndi "kununkhiza" kunong'oneza kwa mbewu. Chomwe zimabweretsa sikuti ndizokolola zambiri komanso kuchepetsa mpweya woipa komanso njira yakuya komanso yogwirizana yolankhulirana ndi nthaka. Pamene deta ikukhala feteleza watsopano, kukolola kudzakhala tsogolo lokhazikika.
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Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-19-2025