Mu chithunzi chachikulu cha ulimi wanzeru, kuzindikira thambo (meteorology) kwakula kwambiri, koma pakadalibe kusiyana kwakukulu kwa deta mu kuzindikira nthaka (nthaka). Nthaka, monga maziko a kukula kwa mbewu ndi chonyamulira madzi opatsa thanzi, ili ndi zovuta zamkati zomwe zimaposa kwambiri nyengo ya pamwamba. Dongosolo lanzeru lozindikira nthaka lomwe linayambitsidwa ndi HONDE Company likusintha "dziko lamdima" kukhala mitsinje yomveka bwino, yeniyeni komanso yogwira ntchito yokhala ndi netiweki yake yowunikira magawo atatu ndi magawo ambiri, kukhala injini yayikulu yoyendetsa ulimi wolondola kuchokera ku "kuzindikira" mpaka "kuchita".
I. Lingaliro la Dongosolo: Kuchokera pa muyeso wa mfundo imodzi mpaka kuzindikira kwa chilengedwe
Kuyang'anira nthaka mwachizolowezi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosiyana ndipo kumachitika pa malo amodzi. Dongosolo la HONDE limamanga dongosolo lozindikira zinthu la magawo atatu komanso lolumikizidwa:
Kukula koyima: Pogwiritsa ntchito masensa oyesera a kutalika kosiyanasiyana (monga 6cm, 10cm, 20cm, ndi 30cm), chinyezi, kutentha, ndi mphamvu zamagetsi (mchere) wa pamwamba pa nthaka, mizu yogwira ntchito, ndi nthaka yapansi zimawunikidwa nthawi imodzi, ndipo zithunzi zowongoka za kayendedwe ka madzi ndi kuchuluka kwa mchere zimajambulidwa.
Kukula kopingasa: Ikani ma node a sensa mu mawonekedwe a gridi m'munda kuti muwone kusiyana kwa malo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu monga kapangidwe ka nthaka, kufanana kwa ulimi wothirira, ndi malo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mapu ogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Muyeso wa magawo: Kuphatikiza ukadaulo waposachedwa wowunikira, mitundu ina yapamwamba imatha kukulitsidwa kuti iwunikire momwe pH ya nthaka imagwirira ntchito ndi michere yofunika kwambiri (monga nayitrogeni, phosphorous, ndi potaziyamu), zomwe zimathandiza kuzindikira bwino kuyambira chilengedwe mpaka chilengedwe cha mankhwala.
II. Ukadaulo Wapakati: Wodalirika, Wolondola, komanso Wanzeru "Woyang'anira Pansi pa Dziko"
Kuzindikira bwino kwambiri komanso kulimba: Pogwiritsa ntchito masensa otengera mfundo monga Frequency Domain reflectance (FDR), amatsimikizira kuti madzi ambiri amayezedwa bwino kwa nthawi yayitali. Chofufuzirachi chimapangidwa ndi zinthu zosagwira dzimbiri ndipo zida zake zamagetsi zimatsekedwa bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale choyenera malo ovuta komwe chingabisike kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kapangidwe ka iot yamphamvu yochepa: Ma sensor node amayendetsedwa ndi ma solar panels kapena mabatire a lithiamu okhalitsa. Kudzera muukadaulo wopanda zingwe monga LoRa, NB-IoT kapena 4G, deta imatumizidwa nthawi yeniyeni ku mtambo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ifike patali komanso kuti "palibe waya".
Kuwerengera malire ndi chenjezo lanzeru: Pokhala ndi ma algorithm anzeru, imatha kuyambitsa zizindikiro zochenjeza zadzidzidzi m'deralo kutengera malire omwe akhazikitsidwa kale (monga mizere yochenjeza za chilala ndi kuchuluka kwa zoopsa za mchere), kulumikiza mwachindunji ma valve othirira kuti akwaniritse kuzungulira kofulumira kuchokera ku "kuyang'anira - kupanga zisankho mumtambo - kuchitapo kanthu".
III. Zochitika ndi Makhalidwe Ofunika Ogwiritsira Ntchito mu Ulimi Wanzeru
"Chowongolera Chapamwamba" cha ulimi wothirira mwanzeru
Iyi ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri komanso yothandiza kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito masensa a nthaka. Dongosololi limasintha zisankho zothirira mwa kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka kapena kuchuluka kwa madzi mu mizu.
Kuthirira nthawi iliyonse yomwe mukufuna: Yambani kuthirira pokhapokha ngati mbewu zikufunikiradi. Poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali kapena zomwe zachitika kale, zimatha kusunga madzi okwana 20-40%.
Konzani njira zothirira: Kutengera ndi deta ya madzi ochokera ku kuya kosiyanasiyana, tsogolerani kukhazikitsa "kuthirira mozama kuti mizu ikule" kapena "kuthirira mozama kuti mubwezeretse chinyezi", zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mizu ikhale yolimba kwambiri.
Pewani kutaya michere ndi madzi: Pewani kutayika kwa michere ndi kutaya madzi chifukwa cha kuthirira kwambiri.
2. "Wosamalira zakudya" wa Kasamalidwe ka Madzi ndi Feteleza Kogwirizana
Dongosololi likaphatikiza mchere (EC) ndi zoyezera zakudya, phindu lake limawonjezeka kwambiri:
Kuthira feteleza molondola: Yang'anirani kuchuluka kwa ayoni m'nthaka kuti mupeze feteleza wolondola kutengera kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa mbewu, ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi 15-30%.
Chenjezo ndi kasamalidwe ka kuwonongeka kwa mchere: Kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni ya EC, kuyambitsa pulogalamu yotsuka mchere usanasonkhanitsidwe kumawononga mizu kuti ateteze thanzi la mbewu.
Konzani bwino njira zopangira feteleza: Deta ya nthawi yayitali imathandiza kusintha njira zopangira feteleza zamadzi ndi feteleza kuti zikwaniritse zosowa za nthaka ndi mbewu zinazake.
3. "Chida Chodziwira Matenda Oyambirira" cha Thanzi la Nthaka ndi Thanzi la Mbeu
Chenjezo la nkhawa: Kusintha kosazolowereka kwa kutentha kwa nthaka kungasonyeze kuwonongeka kwa chisanu kapena kuwonongeka kwa kutentha. Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa chinyezi kungasonyeze matenda a mizu kapena kutuluka kwa mapaipi.
Malangizo a zaulimi: Yang'anirani chinyezi cha nthaka ndi kudziwa nthawi yabwino yolima, kubzala kapena kukolola; Unikani zotsatira za njira zosungiramo ulimi monga kusunga matope ndi kusalima pogwiritsa ntchito deta ya nthawi yayitali.
Kusamalira nthaka motsatira deta: Kukhazikitsa malo osungiramo nthaka m'munda, kutsatira kusintha kwa nthawi yayitali kwa zinthu zachilengedwe m'nthaka, mchere ndi zizindikiro zina, ndikupereka maziko oyendetsera nthaka mokhazikika.
4. "Wogwirizanitsa Deta" pa Zotulutsa ndi Kukweza Ubwino
Mwa kuchita kusanthula kwakukulu kwa deta yokhudzana ndi chilengedwe cha nthaka nthawi yonse yolima pogwiritsa ntchito mapu omaliza a zokolola ndi deta yowunikira ubwino (monga kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi mapuloteni), zinthu zofunika kwambiri panthaka zomwe zimakhudza zokolola ndi ubwino wa mbewu zitha kuwululidwa, potero kukonza njira zoyang'anira motsatira "kuswana ndi kulima motsogozedwa ndi deta".
Iv. Ubwino wa Dongosolo ndi Kubweza Ndalama
Kusintha kwa zisankho: Sinthani chitsanzo chozikidwa pa zokumana nazo cha kuthirira ndi feteleza kuchokera ku "nthawi yoyesedwa ndi yoyesedwa" kupita ku chitsanzo chozikidwa pa deta cha "pakufunika ndi zosinthika".
Kuchepetsa ndalama ndi kukonza bwino ntchito: Kusunga mwachindunji ndalama za madzi, feteleza, mphamvu ndi antchito, ndipo nthawi yobwezera ndalama nthawi zambiri imakhala nyengo imodzi kapena zitatu zolima.
Kukweza ubwino ndi kukhazikika kwa kupanga: Mwa kusunga malo abwino kwambiri okhala ndi mizu, kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa mbewu, ndikuwonjezera kusinthasintha komanso kuchuluka kwa malonda a zinthu zaulimi.
Kusamalira chilengedwe: Kuchepetsa kwambiri kuipitsa kwa ulimi komwe sikuli kofunikira, zomwe zimathandiza kukwaniritsa zolinga za ulimi wobiriwira komanso kusalowerera ndale.
Kukula: Monga malo olowera deta ya intaneti ya zinthu zaulimi, imatha kuphatikizidwa mosavuta ndi malo okwerera nyengo, ma drone, ndi makina oyendetsera okha a ulimi kuti apange ubongo wathunthu waulimi wa digito.
V. Nkhani Yovomerezeka: Kukolola Koyendetsedwa ndi Deta
Famu yayikulu ya chimanga ndi soya ku Midwestern United States yakhazikitsa netiweki ya HONDE soil sensor. Dongosololi linapeza kuti m'munda womwewo, pafupifupi 15% ya derali inali ndi mphamvu yocheperako yosunga madzi m'nthaka. Pansi pa njira yolondola yothirira, madera awa adalandira kuthirira kochulukirapo, pomwe madera omwe anali ndi mphamvu yosunga madzi kwambiri adachepa moyenerera. Pambuyo pa nyengo imodzi yolima, famuyi sinangopulumutsa 22% ya madzi onse komanso idawonjezera kukhazikika kwa zokolola zonse za m'munda ndi 18%, chifukwa idachotsa "zofooka" za kuchepa kwa kupanga komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chilala cha m'deralo. Mlimiyo anati, "Chomwe tikuyang'anira tsopano si munda umodzi wokha, koma malo ambiri ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana."
Mapeto
Cholinga chachikulu cha ulimi wanzeru ndikuwongolera ulimi ngati kuti ndi fakitale yolondola. Ndipo nthaka ndiye malo ogwirira ntchito komanso mzere wopanga wa "fakitale ya zamoyo" iyi. Dongosolo la HONDE lozindikira nthaka mwanzeru lakonzekeretsa ngodya iliyonse ya malo ogwirira ntchito awa ndi "zida zowunikira" ndi "ma switch owongolera". Limapangitsa kuti zosaoneka ziwonekere, zovuta kuzilamulira komanso zowerengera. Izi sizikungopita patsogolo paukadaulo, komanso kusintha kwa ubale wa kupanga - zikukweza alimi kuchoka pa "antchito a dziko" kupita ku "oyang'anira deta ndi optimizers a nthaka", ndikutsegula njira yomveka bwino yoyendetsera deta ya chitukuko chokhazikika cha ulimi wapadziko lonse lapansi pansi pa zovuta zazinthu.
Zokhudza HONDE: Monga womanga zomangamanga zaulimi wa digito, HONDE imayang'ana kwambiri pakusintha malo olima kukhala zinthu za digito zomwe zingathe kuwerengedwa komanso kukonzedwa bwino kudzera mu kuzindikira kodalirika, kulumikizana bwino, komanso kusanthula mwanzeru. Timakhulupirira kuti kusintha nthaka kukhala ya digito ndiye chinsinsi chachikulu chotsegulira tsogolo la ulimi.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza sensa ya nthaka,
chonde lemberani Honde Technology Co., LTD.
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Nthawi yotumizira: Dec-08-2025