M'zaka zaposachedwa, boma la India, mogwirizana ndi makampani aukadaulo, lalimbikitsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito zida zam'manja zam'nthaka, pofuna kuthandiza alimi kuti azitha kubzala bwino, kuwonjezera zokolola, komanso kuchepetsa kuwononga zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo waulimi. Ntchitoyi yapindula kwambiri m'zigawo zingapo zazikulu zaulimi ndipo yakhala yofunika kwambiri pakupititsa patsogolo ulimi wamakono ku India.
Mbiri: Zovuta zaulimi
India ndi dziko lachiwiri padziko lonse lapansi pakupanga zaulimi, ndipo ulimi umakhala pafupifupi 15 peresenti ya GDP yake ndikupereka ntchito zoposa 50 peresenti. Komabe, ulimi ku India kwa nthawi yaitali wakhala ukukumana ndi mavuto ambiri, kuphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa nthaka, kusowa kwa madzi, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza molakwika, ndi zotsatira za kusintha kwa nyengo. Alimi ambiri alibe njira zoyezera nthaka zasayansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti feteleza ndi ulimi wothirira zisamayende bwino, ndipo zokolola zimakhala zovuta kuti zitheke.
Pothana ndi mavutowa, boma la India lazindikira ukadaulo waulimi wolondola ngati gawo lalikulu lachitukuko ndipo lalimbikitsa mwamphamvu kugwiritsa ntchito zowunikira zam'manja. Zidazi zimatha kuzindikira msanga chinyezi, pH, michere ndi zizindikiro zina zofunika kuthandiza alimi kupanga mapulani obzala asayansi.
Kukhazikitsa kwa pulojekiti: Kupititsa patsogolo masensa a m'manja
Mu 2020, Unduna wa Zaulimi & Welfare ku India, mogwirizana ndi makampani angapo aukadaulo, adakhazikitsa pulogalamu yokonzedwanso ya "Soil Health Card" kuti aphatikizire masensa am'manja. Zopangidwa ndi makampani am'deralo zaukadaulo, masensa awa ndi otsika mtengo komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera alimi ang'onoang'ono.
Chidziwitso cha nthaka cham'manja, poyikidwa m'nthaka, chikhoza kupereka zenizeni zenizeni pa nthaka mkati mwa mphindi. Alimi atha kuwona zotsatira zake kudzera pa pulogalamu yapa foni yam'manja yotsagana ndi foni yam'manja ndikupeza upangiri waumwini ndi wothirira. Tekinoloje iyi sikuti imangopulumutsa nthawi ndi mtengo wa kuyezetsa kwakale kwa labotale, komanso imathandizira alimi kusintha njira zawo zobzala motengera momwe nthaka ilili.
Nkhani yophunzira: Kuchita bwino ku Punjab
Punjab ndi amodzi mwa madera omwe amalima kwambiri chakudya ku India ndipo amadziwika ndi kulima tirigu ndi mpunga. Komabe, kuthirira mopitirira muyeso kwa nthawi yayitali ndi kuthirira kosayenera kwadzetsa kutsika kwa nthaka, zomwe zimakhudza zokolola. Mu 2021, dipatimenti yaulimi ya Punjab idayesa zowunikira zam'manja m'midzi ingapo ndi zotsatira zabwino.
Baldev Singh, yemwe ndi mlimi wa kumaloko, anati: “Tisanayambe kuthira feteleza mwachizoloŵezi, tinkawononga feteleza ndipo nthaka inali kuipiraipira.” Tsopano ndi kachipangizo kameneka, ndimatha kudziwa zimene nthaka ikusoŵa ndi kuchuluka kwa fetereza.” Chaka chatha ndinachulukitsa ulimi wanga wa tirigu ndi 20 peresenti ndipo ndinachepetsa mtengo wa fetereza ndi 30 peresenti.
Ziwerengero zochokera ku dipatimenti ya zaulimi ku Punjab zikuwonetsa kuti alimi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma sensor a dothi am'manja achepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi 15-20 peresenti pomwe akuchulukitsa zokolola ndi 10-25 peresenti. Zotsatirazi sizimangowonjezera ndalama za alimi, komanso zimathandizira kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa ulimi pa chilengedwe.
Thandizo la boma ndi maphunziro a alimi
Pofuna kuwonetsetsa kufalikira kwa ma sensor a nthaka ya m'manja, boma la India lapereka ndalama zothandizira alimi kuti agule zidazo pamtengo wotsika. Kuonjezera apo, boma lathandizana ndi makampani aukadaulo waulimi kuti achite maphunziro angapo othandiza alimi kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito zida komanso momwe angakulitsire bwino kabzala potengera deta.
Narendra Singh Tomar, nduna ya zaulimi ndi chisamaliro cha alimi, anati: “Masensa a m’manja a nthaka ndi chida chofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha ulimi wa ku India wamakono.
Malingaliro amtsogolo: Kutchuka kwaukadaulo ndi kuphatikiza kwa data
Masensa a dothi ogwidwa m'manja atulutsidwa m'maboma angapo aulimi ku India, kuphatikiza Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh ndi Gujarat. Boma la India likukonzekera kukulitsa lusoli kwa alimi 10 miliyoni m'dziko lonselo m'zaka zitatu zikubwerazi ndikuchepetsanso mtengo wa zida.
Kuphatikiza apo, boma la India likukonzekera kuphatikizira zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa ndi masensa a m'manja a m'manja mu National Agricultural Data Platform kuti zithandizire chitukuko cha mfundo ndi kafukufuku waulimi. Izi zikuyembekezeka kupititsa patsogolo luso laukadaulo komanso mpikisano waulimi waku India.
Mapeto
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa masensa a m'manja a nthaka ku India ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pazaulimi wadzikolo. Kupyolera mu kulimbikitsa luso lamakono, alimi aku India amatha kugwiritsa ntchito chuma moyenera ndikuwonjezera zokolola pamene amachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe. Nkhani yabwinoyi sikuti imangopereka chidziwitso chofunikira pakupititsa patsogolo ulimi waku India, komanso ikupereka chitsanzo kwa mayiko ena omwe akutukuka kumene kuti alimbikitse luso laulimi. Pakuchulukirachulukira kwaukadaulo, India ikuyembekezeka kukhala pamalo ofunikira kwambiri paukadaulo waulimi wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-03-2025