Tsiku: Januwale 14, 2025
Ndi: [Yunying]
Malo: Washington, DC — Mu kusintha kwakukulu kwa ulimi wamakono, masensa a gasi ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'manja akuyambitsidwa mwachangu ku United States konse, zomwe zikuwonjezera luso la alimi kuyang'anira thanzi la nthaka ndi mbewu, kuyang'anira tizilombo, komanso kukonza njira zopangira feteleza. Zipangizo zamakonozi zimapereka muyeso wa mpweya monga ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), ndi nitrous oxide (N2O) nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimapereka deta yofunika kwambiri yomwe ingalimbikitse zokolola ndikupititsa patsogolo njira zopezera chilengedwe.
Kufunika kwa Kuyang'anira Gasi mu Ulimi
Mpweya woipa umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zaulimi komanso kuwononga chilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, mpweya woipa wa ammonia wochokera ku feteleza ukhoza kubweretsa asidi m'nthaka ndikukhudza thanzi la mbewu. Methane ndi nitrous oxide, mpweya wamphamvu wowonjezera kutentha, umatulutsidwa panthawi zosiyanasiyana zaulimi, kuphatikizapo kugaya ndi feteleza wa ziweto.
Popeza kusintha kwa nyengo kukukulitsa vuto la kupanga chakudya, kufunika kwa deta yolondola komanso yeniyeni sikunakhalepo kovuta kwambiri kuposa kale lonse. Kuyambitsidwa kwa masensa a gasi ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'manja kumathandiza alimi kupanga zisankho zolondola zomwe zingachepetse mpweya woipa ndikuwonjezera kasamalidwe ka mbewu.
Momwe Masensa a Gasi Ogwiritsidwa Ntchito Pamanja Amagwirira Ntchito
Masensa a gasi ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'manja amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba wa masensa, nthawi zambiri kutengera mfundo zamagetsi kapena zoyezera kuwala, kuti azindikire ndikuwerengera mpweya winawake m'munda. Zipangizo zazing'onozi zimapatsa alimi mayankho mwachangu pa kuchuluka kwa mpweya, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga zisankho mwachangu pazochitika monga:
Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito Feteleza: Alimi amatha kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa ammonia panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito feteleza kuti apewe kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso komanso kuchepetsa mpweya woipa womwe umabwera mumlengalenga.
Kuwunika Umoyo wa Mbeu: Poyesa mpweya wochokera m'nthaka kapena zomera, alimi amatha kuwona thanzi la mbewu ndikusintha njira zoyang'anira moyenerera.
Kuwongolera Tizilombo: Zoyezera mpweya zimatha kuzindikira zinthu zinazake zosasunthika (VOCs) zomwe zomera zomwe zili pansi pamavuto zimazitulutsa, zomwe zimachenjeza alimi za kufalikira kwa tizilombo kapena kufalikira kwa matenda.
Yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso yogwira ntchito bwino
Zipangizo zamakono zoyezera mpweya zomwe zili m'manja zapangidwa kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, zokhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta komanso mapangidwe opepuka omwe amalola alimi kuzinyamula mosavuta m'munda. Zipangizo zambiri zimalumikizidwa ku mafoni a m'manja kapena mapiritsi, zomwe zimathandiza kusanthula deta nthawi yeniyeni ndikuwonetsa.
“Ukadaulo uwu wasintha kwambiri momwe timayang'anira minda yathu,” akutero Lena Carter, mlimi wa chimanga ku Iowa. “Ndingathe kuwona kuchuluka kwa ammonia ndikangogwiritsa ntchito feteleza m'malo moyembekezera masiku kuti ndipeze zotsatira za labu. Umatipulumutsa nthawi ndipo umatithandiza kulima bwino.”
Thandizo ndi Ndalama Zothandizira pa Malamulo
Dipatimenti ya Zaulimi ku US (USDA) ndi madipatimenti osiyanasiyana a zaulimi akuzindikira kufunika kwa ukadaulo uwu. Mapulogalamu akukhazikitsidwa kuti athandize kugula masensa a gasi ndikupereka maphunziro okhudza momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito. Bungwe la USDA's Natural Resources Conservation Service likulimbikitsa masensa awa ngati chida cha alimi omwe akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosamalira chilengedwe.
“Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoyezera mpweya m’manja ndi njira yabwino kwambiri kwa alimi ndi chilengedwe,” akutero Dr. Maria Gonzalez, katswiri wa zaulimi. “Alimi akhoza kusintha njira zawo, pamene ifenso timagwira ntchito yochepetsa mpweya woipa wochokera ku ulimi.”
Mavuto ndi Malangizo Amtsogolo
Ngakhale ubwino wa masensa a gasi ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'manja ndi woonekeratu, mavuto akadalipo. Ndalama zoyambirira zitha kukhala chopinga kwa alimi ena, makamaka omwe amagwira ntchito m'malo ochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, pali njira yophunzirira pamene opanga akuzolowera kuphatikiza ukadaulo uwu mu ntchito zawo.
Pofuna kuthana ndi mavutowa, mgwirizano pakati pa makampani aukadaulo, mautumiki owonjezera ulimi, ndi mayunivesite akubwera kuti apereke mapulogalamu ophunzitsira omwe amathandiza alimi kumvetsetsa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito ndikutanthauzira deta kuchokera ku masensa a gasi moyenera.
Kutsiliza: Kukonza Njira Yopezera Ulimi Wokhazikika
Pamene alimi ku United States akugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri masensa a gasi ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'manja, kuthekera koyang'anira ndikuwongolera njira zaulimi nthawi yeniyeni kukukonzanso momwe ulimi wamakono umagwirira ntchito. Ukadaulo uwu sumangothandiza alimi kukulitsa zokolola zawo komanso umawapatsa mphamvu zoti achitepo kanthu kuti apititse patsogolo kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe komanso kusamalira zachilengedwe.
Tsogolo la ulimi likuonekera bwino kwambiri ndi njira iliyonse yoyezera yomwe yatengedwa m'munda. Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wa masensa a gasi komanso thandizo lowonjezera la malamulo, ndizotheka kuti zipangizozi zonyamulidwa m'manja zidzakhala ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakufuna gawo la ulimi lokhazikika komanso lopindulitsa kwambiri m'zaka zikubwerazi.
Kuti mudziwe zambirimasensa a gasizambiri,
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Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-14-2025