Ngakhale kuti pali zoopsa zambiri monga kusefukira kwa madzi ndi chilala m'madera ena padziko lapansi komanso kukwera kwa mavuto pa madzi, bungwe la World Meteorological Organization lidzalimbikitsa kukhazikitsa dongosolo lake la hydrology.
Manja akugwira madzi
Ngakhale kuti pali zoopsa zambiri monga kusefukira kwa madzi ndi chilala m'madera ena padziko lapansi komanso kukwera kwa mavuto pa madzi, bungwe la World Meteorological Organization lidzalimbikitsa kukhazikitsa dongosolo lake la hydrology.
Msonkhano wapadera wa masiku awiri wa Hydrological unachitika pa Msonkhano wa Padziko Lonse wa Meteorological kuti uwonetse udindo waukulu wa hydrology mu njira ya WMO ya Earth System komanso mu Early Warnings For All.
Nyumba Yamalamulo yalimbitsa masomphenya ake a nthawi yayitali okhudza madzi. Yavomereza njira zolimbikitsira zoneneratu za kusefukira kwa madzi. Yathandizanso cholinga chachikulu cha Pulogalamu Yogwirizanitsa Chilala kuti ipange mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi wolimbitsa kuyang'anira chilala, kuzindikira zoopsa, kulosera za chilala komanso ntchito zochenjeza msanga. Yathandizanso kukulitsa HelpDesk yomwe ilipo kale pa Kasamalidwe ka Chilala ndi HelpDesk pa Kasamalidwe ka Chilala (IDM) kuti ithandizire kasamalidwe ka madzi konse.
Pakati pa 1970 ndi 2021, masoka okhudzana ndi kusefukira kwa madzi anali ofala kwambiri pankhani ya kuchuluka kwa madzi. Mphepo zamkuntho za m'madera otentha - zomwe zimaphatikizapo mphepo yamkuntho, mvula yamkuntho ndi zoopsa za kusefukira kwa madzi - zinali zomwe zimayambitsa kutayika kwa anthu ndi zachuma.
Chilala ku Horn of Africa, madera ambiri a South America ndi mbali ina ya Europe, komanso kusefukira kwa madzi ku Pakistan kunakhudza miyoyo ya anthu mamiliyoni ambiri chaka chatha. Chilala chinasanduka kusefukira kwa madzi m'madera ena a ku Europe (kumpoto kwa Italy ndi Spain) ndi Somalia pamene Congress inkachitika - zomwe zikusonyezanso kukula kwa zochitika zoopsa zamadzi m'nthawi ya kusintha kwa nyengo.
Pakadali pano, anthu 3.6 biliyoni akukumana ndi vuto losakwanira kupeza madzi osachepera pamwezi pachaka ndipo izi zikuyembekezeka kukwera kufika pa anthu oposa 5 biliyoni pofika chaka cha 2050, malinga ndi bungwe la WMO la State of Global Water Resources. Kusungunuka kwa madzi oundana kumabweretsa chiopsezo cha kusowa kwa madzi kwa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri - ndipo chifukwa chake Congress yakweza kusintha kwa madzi kukhala chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa WMO.
"Kulosera bwino ndi kuyang'anira zoopsa zokhudzana ndi madzi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti Machenjezo Oyambirira a Onse apambane. Tikufuna kuonetsetsa kuti palibe amene akudabwa ndi kusefukira kwa madzi, ndipo aliyense ali wokonzeka ku chilala," adatero Mlembi Wamkulu wa WMO Pulofesa Petteri Taalas. "WMO iyenera kulimbitsa ndikuphatikiza ntchito zamadzi kuti zithandizire kusintha kwa nyengo."
Cholepheretsa chachikulu chopereka mayankho a madzi abwino komanso okhazikika ndi kusowa kwa chidziwitso chokhudza madzi omwe alipo pakadali pano, kupezeka kwa madzi mtsogolo komanso kufunikira kwa chakudya ndi mphamvu. Opanga zisankho akukumana ndi vuto lomweli pankhani ya kusefukira kwa madzi ndi chilala.
Masiku ano, 60% ya Mayiko omwe ali mamembala a WMO anena kuti mphamvu zawo zowunikira madzi zikuchepa ndipo motero amapereka chithandizo chothandizira pa nkhani za madzi, mphamvu, chakudya ndi chilengedwe. Mayiko opitilira 50% padziko lonse lapansi alibe njira yoyendetsera bwino deta yawo yokhudzana ndi madzi.
Pofuna kuthana ndi mavutowa, WMO ikulimbikitsa kuyang'anira bwino madzi pogwiritsa ntchito Hydrological Status and Outlook System (HydroSOS) ndi Global Hydrometry Support Facility (HydroHub), zomwe zikuyambitsidwa tsopano.
Ndondomeko Yogwirira Ntchito ya Hydrology
WMO ili ndi dongosolo lalikulu la Hydrology Action Plan, lomwe lili ndi zolinga zisanu ndi zitatu za nthawi yayitali.
Palibe amene wadabwa ndi kusefukira kwa madzi
Aliyense wakonzeka kupirira chilala
Deta yokhudza nyengo ndi nyengo imathandizira ndondomeko yopezera chakudya chokwanira
Deta yapamwamba kwambiri imathandizira sayansi
Sayansi imapereka maziko abwino a hydrology yogwira ntchito
Tikudziwa bwino za madzi a dziko lathu lapansi
Chitukuko chokhazikika chimathandizidwa ndi chidziwitso cha madzi
Ubwino wa madzi umadziwika.
Dongosolo Lotsogolera Kusefukira kwa Madzi
Msonkhano wa Madzi unadziwitsidwanso za msonkhano wa Kupatsa Mphamvu Akazi womwe unakonzedwa ndi WMO monga gawo la pulojekiti ya Flash Flood Guidance System pa 25 ndi 26 Meyi 2023.
Gulu la akatswiri osankhidwa kuchokera ku msonkhanowu linagawana zomwe zachitika pa msonkhanowu ndi anthu ambiri odziwa za madzi, kuphatikizapo zida zopangira gulu la akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito komanso odziwa bwino ntchito, kulimbitsa luso lawo, komanso kukulitsa luso lawo, osati kungopindulitsa iwo okha komanso kukwaniritsa zosowa za anthu padziko lonse lapansi.
Nyumba Yamalamulo idavomereza njira yoyendetsera mwachangu komanso yoyang'anira zoopsa m'malo mochitapo kanthu pa nthawi yachilala kudzera mu njira yoyendetsera mavuto. Idalimbikitsa Mamembala kuti alimbikitse ndikulimbikitsa mgwirizano ndi mgwirizano pakati pa National Meteorological and Hydrological Services ndi mabungwe ena odziwika bwino a WMO kuti azitha kulosera bwino za chilala ndikuwunika.
Tikhoza kupereka masensa osiyanasiyana anzeru a hydrographic radar level flow velocity sensors
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-11-2024