Polimbana ndi zoopsa zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira monga kusefukira kwa madzi ndi chilala m'madera ena padziko lapansi komanso kuchulukirachulukira kwazinthu zamadzi, World Meteorological Organisation ilimbitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mapulani ake okhudza zamadzimadzi.
Manja kugwira madzi
Polimbana ndi zoopsa zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira monga kusefukira kwa madzi ndi chilala m'madera ena padziko lapansi komanso kuchulukirachulukira kwazinthu zamadzi, World Meteorological Organisation ilimbitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mapulani ake okhudza zamadzimadzi.
Msonkhano wodzipatulira wamasiku awiri wa Hydrological Assembly unachitika pa World Meteorological Congress kuwonetsa gawo lalikulu la hydrology mu njira ya WMO's Earth System komanso mu Early Warnings For All initiative.
Congress idalimbikitsa masomphenya ake anthawi yayitali a hydrology. Linavomereza zolosera za kusefukira kwa madzi. Inathandiziranso cholinga chachikulu cha Integrated Drought Management Programme kuti pakhale mgwirizano wapadziko lonse wa zoyesayesa zolimbitsa kuyang'anira chilala, kuzindikira zoopsa, kulosera chilala ndi ntchito zochenjeza mwamsanga. Inathandizira kukulitsa kwa HelpDesk on Integrated Flood Management ndi HelpDesk on Integrated Drought Management (IDM) kuti zithandizire kusamalira zopezeka ndi madzi zonse.
Pakati pa 1970 ndi 2021, masoka okhudzana ndi kusefukira kwa madzi anali ofala kwambiri malinga ndi mafupipafupi. Mphepo zamkuntho - zomwe zimaphatikiza zoopsa za mphepo yamkuntho, mvula komanso kusefukira kwa madzi - ndizo zomwe zidapangitsa kuti anthu komanso chuma chiwonongeke.
Chilala cha ku Horn of Africa, madera akuluakulu a ku South America ndi mbali ina ya ku Ulaya, ndiponso kusefukira kwa madzi ku Pakistan kunasokoneza miyoyo ya anthu mamiliyoni ambiri chaka chatha. Chilala chinasanduka chigumula m'madera ena a ku Ulaya (kumpoto kwa Italy ndi Spain) ndi Somalia pamene Congress inkachitika - kusonyezanso kuwonjezereka kwa zochitika za m'madzi mu nthawi ya kusintha kwa nyengo.
Pakali pano, anthu 3.6 biliyoni akukumana ndi kusapeza madzi okwanira mwezi uliwonse pachaka ndipo izi zikuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka kufika pa 5 biliyoni pofika chaka cha 2050, malinga ndi WMO's State of Global Water Resources. Kusungunuka kwa madzi oundana kumabweretsa chiwopsezo cha kusowa kwa madzi kwa mamiliyoni ambiri - ndipo zotsatira zake Congress yakweza kusintha kwa cryosphere kukhala chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri za WMO.
"Kuneneratu kwabwinoko ndi kuyang'anira zoopsa zokhudzana ndi madzi ndizofunikira kwambiri pa kupambana kwa Machenjezo Oyambirira kwa Onse. Tikufuna kuonetsetsa kuti palibe amene akudabwa ndi kusefukira kwa madzi, ndipo aliyense akukonzekera chilala," anatero Mlembi Wamkulu wa WMO Prof. Petteri Taalas. "WMO iyenera kulimbikitsa ndikuphatikiza ntchito zama hydrological kuti zithandizire kusintha kwanyengo."
Cholepheretsa chachikulu choperekera njira zothetsera madzi moyenera komanso osasunthika ndi kusowa kwa chidziwitso chokhudza madzi omwe alipo panopa, kupezeka kwa mtsogolo komanso kufunikira kwa chakudya ndi magetsi. Opanga zisankho amakumana ndi vuto lomweli pankhani ya kusefukira kwa madzi komanso chilala.
Masiku ano, 60% ya Maiko Amembala a WMO akuwonetsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu pakuwunika kwa hydrological ndipo potero popereka chithandizo chamadzi, mphamvu, chakudya ndi chilengedwe. Mayiko opitilira 50% padziko lonse lapansi alibe njira yoyendetsera bwino pama data awo okhudzana ndi madzi.
Kuti tithane ndi mavutowa, WMO ikulimbikitsa kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira bwino kwa madzi ngakhale kuti Hydrological Status and Outlook System (HydroSOS) ndi Global Hydrometry Support Facility (HydroHub), zomwe tsopano zikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Hydrology Action Plan
WMO ili ndi dongosolo la Hydrology Action Plan, lomwe lili ndi zolinga zisanu ndi zitatu za nthawi yayitali.
Palibe amene amadabwa ndi kusefukira kwa madzi
Aliyense wakonzekera chilala
Deta ya Hydro-climate ndi meteorological imathandizira ndondomeko yachitetezo cha chakudya
Deta yapamwamba imathandizira sayansi
Sayansi imapereka maziko abwino a hydrology yogwira ntchito
Tili ndi chidziwitso chokwanira cha madzi a dziko lathu lapansi
Chitukuko chokhazikika chimathandizidwa ndi chidziwitso cha hydrological
Ubwino wa madzi umadziwika.
Flash Flood Guide Guide System
Hydrological Assembly idadziwitsidwanso za msonkhano wa Female Empowerment wokonzedwa ndi WMO mu dongosolo la Flash Flood Guidance System project pa 25 ndi 26 May 2023.
Gulu la akatswiri osankhidwa kuchokera ku msonkhanowo adagawana zomwe zachitika pamisonkhanoyi ndi gulu lalikulu la hydrological, kuphatikiza zida zopangira gulu la akatswiri olimbikitsidwa ndi akatswiri odziwika bwino, kuti alimbikitse luso lawo, ndikutukula zomwe angathe, osati kuti apindule okha komanso kuti athandize zosowa za anthu padziko lonse lapansi.
Bungwe la Congress lidavomereza pakuchitapo kanthu, kuyang'anira zoopsa m'malo motengera chikhalidwe cha chilala pogwiritsa ntchito kasamalidwe kazovuta. Idalimbikitsa Mamembala kulimbikitsa ndi kulimbikitsa mgwirizano ndi makonzedwe apawiri pakati pa National Meteorological and Hydrological Services ndi mabungwe ena odziwika ndi WMO kuti athe kulosera komanso kuyang'anira chilala.
Titha kupereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana yanzeru za hydrographic radar level flow velocity sensors
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-11-2024