Makhalidwe a Optical Dissolved Oxygen Sensors for Water Quality

Masensa a Optical Dissolved Oxygen (ODO), omwe amadziwikanso kuti fluorescence-based sensors, ndiukadaulo wamakono womwe umasiyana ndi njira zachikhalidwe zama membrane electrode (Clark cell). Chofunikira chawo chachikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito fluorescence quenching kuyesa kuchuluka kwa mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi.

Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito:
Nsonga ya sensayo imakutidwa ndi nembanemba yomwe imayikidwa ndi utoto wa fulorosenti. Utoto umenewu ukasangalatsidwa ndi utali winawake wa kuwala kwa buluu, umatulutsa kuwala kofiira. Ngati mamolekyu a okosijeni ali m'madzi, amawombana ndi mamolekyu osangalatsa a utoto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya fluorescence ichepetse komanso moyo wamfupi wa fulorosenti. Poyesa kusintha kumeneku kwa moyo wa fluorescence kapena mphamvu, mpweya wosungunuka ukhoza kuwerengedwa molondola.

Zofunika Kwambiri:

1. Palibe Kugwiritsa Ntchito Oxygen, Palibe Electrolyte:
   • Uku ndiye kusiyana kofunikira kwambiri kuchokera ku njira ya membrane electrode. Masensa owoneka sagwiritsa ntchito okosijeni kuchokera pachitsanzo, kupereka zotsatira zolondola kwambiri, makamaka m'madzi otsika kapena okhazikika.
   • Palibe chifukwa chosinthira ma electrolyte kapena nembanemba, kuchepetsa kwambiri kukonza.
2. Kusamalira Kochepa, Kukhazikika Kwambiri:
   • Palibe vuto ndi kutsekeka kwa membrane, poizoni wa electrode, kapena kuipitsidwa ndi electrolyte.
   • Kuyenda kwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri kumafuna kuwongolera pakapita miyezi ingapo kapena kupitilira apo.
3. Kuyankha Mwachangu ndi Kulondola Kwambiri:
   • Kuyankha mwachangu kwambiri pakusintha kwa okosijeni wosungunuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwenikweni kwamadzi.
   • Kuyeza sikukhudzidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga kapena zinthu zosokoneza monga ma sulfide, zomwe zimapereka kulondola kwapamwamba komanso kukhazikika poyerekeza ndi njira zachikhalidwe.
4. Kuyimba Kwanthawi yayitali:
   • Makhalidwe a utoto wa fulorosenti ndi okhazikika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma sign asamayende bwino ndikuwonetsetsa kudalirika kwa kuyeza kwanthawi yayitali.
5. Kusavuta Kugwiritsa Ntchito:
   • Nthawi zambiri pulagi-ndi-sewero, popanda nthawi yaitali polarization chofunika pambuyo poyambitsa; okonzeka kuyeza msanga.

Zoyipa:

• Mtengo Wokwera Woyamba: Wokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa masensa amtundu wa membrane electrode.
• Membrane ya Fluorescent ili ndi Utali Wautali wa Moyo: Ngakhale imatenga nthawi yayitali (nthawi zambiri zaka 1-3), nembanembayo pamapeto pake imadetsedwa kapena kuipitsidwa ndipo imafuna kusinthidwa.
• Kuwonongeka Kotheka ndi Mafuta ndi Algae: Kuphimba kwakukulu kwa mafuta kapena biofouling pamwamba pa sensa kumatha kusokoneza chisangalalo ndi kulandiridwa, kufunikira kuyeretsa.

2. Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito

Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo abwino kwambiri, masensa a okosijeni osungunuka amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana omwe amafunikira kuwunika kosalekeza komanso kolondola kwa DO:

1. Malo Oyeretsera Madzi Otayira:
   • Ntchito yovuta. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira DO m'matanki aeration ndi aerobic / anaerobic zone kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino mpweya, kupangitsa kuwongolera bwino pakupulumutsa mphamvu komanso kuwongolera chithandizo chamankhwala.
2. Kuyang'anira Thupi la Madzi Achilengedwe (Mitsinje, Nyanja, Madamu):
   • Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo owunikira zachilengedwe kuti awone momwe thupi lamadzi limadziyeretsera, mawonekedwe a eutrophication, ndi hypoxia yomwe ingakhalepo, ndikupereka chidziwitso chachitetezo cha chilengedwe.
3. Zam'madzi:
   • DO ndiye njira yopulumutsira zamoyo zam'madzi. Ma sensor owoneka amathandizira kuyang'anira 24/7 m'mayiwe ndi akasinja. Amatha kuyambitsa ma alarm ndikuyatsa ma aerator pomwe milingo yatsika kwambiri, kupewa kupha nsomba komanso kuteteza kukolola.
4. Kafukufuku wa Sayansi:
   • Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kafukufuku wa oceanographic, maphunziro a limnological, ndi kuyesa kwa ecotoxicology komwe kulondola kwambiri, kusokoneza pang'ono kwa DO ndikofunikira.
5. Industrial Process Water:
   • M'makina monga malo opangira magetsi ndi madzi ozizira a zomera zamankhwala, kuyang'anira DO kuti muteteze dzimbiri ndi biofouling.

3. Nkhani Yofunsira Ntchito ku Philippines

Monga dziko lazisumbu, chuma cha Philippines chimadalira kwambiri ulimi wamadzi ndi zokopa alendo, pomwe akukumananso ndi zovuta zakuwonongeka kwa madzi kuchokera kumizinda. Choncho, kuyang'anira ubwino wa madzi, makamaka kwa mpweya wosungunuka, ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Nkhani Yophunzira: Smart DO Monitoring and Aeration System ku Laguna de Bay Aquaculture Zones

Mbiri:
Laguna de Bay ndiye nyanja yayikulu kwambiri ku Philippines, ndipo madera ozungulira amakhala ofunikira pazaulimi, makamaka ku Tilapia ndi Milkfish (Bangus). Komabe, nyanjayi ikuyang'anizana ndi zoopsa za eutrophication. M'miyezi yotentha yachilimwe, kusanjana kwamadzi kungayambitse hypoxia m'malo ozama, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kupha nsomba zambiri ("nsomba zimapha"), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti alimi awonongeke kwambiri pazachuma.

Ntchito Yankho:
Bungwe la Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR), mogwirizana ndi maboma am'deralo, limalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yanzeru yowunikira komanso kuyang'anira madzi abwino pogwiritsa ntchito masensa a okosijeni osungunuka m'mafamu akuluakulu azamalonda ndi madera ofunikira a nyanjayi.

Zigawo za System ndi Mayendedwe a Ntchito:

1. Monitoring Node: Maboya amadzi amitundu yambiri okhala ndi masensa owoneka bwino a DO adayikidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana m'mayiwe a nsomba (makamaka kumadera akuya) ndi malo ofunikira m'nyanjayi. Masensa awa adasankhidwa chifukwa:
   • Kusamalira Pang'onopang'ono: Kuchita kwawo kosakonza kwautali ndikwabwino kumadera omwe ali ndi antchito ochepa aukadaulo.
   • Kukaniza Kusokonezedwa: Kusalephera kulephera chifukwa choipitsa m'madzi am'madzi olemera kwambiri komanso avumbi.
   • Deta Yeniyeni: Yokhoza kupereka deta mphindi iliyonse, kulola kuti muzindikire mwamsanga kugwa kwadzidzidzi kwa DO.
2. Kutumiza Kwa Data: Deta ya masensa imatumizidwa munthawi yeniyeni kudzera pamanetiweki opanda zingwe (monga, GPRS/4G kapena LoRa) kupita papulatifomu yamtambo ndi mapulogalamu am'manja a alimi.
3. Kuwongolera Mwanzeru ndi Chenjezo Loyambirira:
   • Mbali ya Platform: Pulatifomu yamtambo imayikidwa ndi ma alarm a DO (mwachitsanzo, pansi pa 3 mg/L).
   • Mbali ya Ogwiritsa: Alimi amalandira zidziwitso zomveka / zowoneka, SMS, kapena zidziwitso zamapulogalamu.
   • Automatic Control: Dongosololi limatha kuyambitsa ma aera mpaka milingo ya DO ibwezeretsedwa pamalo otetezeka.

Zotsatira:

• Kuchepetsa Kufa kwa Nsomba: Machenjezo oyambilira komanso kutulutsa mpweya wodziwikiratu kwateteza bwino kupha nsomba zingapo zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwambiri kwa DO usiku kapena m'mawa.
• Kulima Bwino Kwambiri: Alimi amatha kuyendetsa bwino chakudya ndi mpweya wabwino mwasayansi, kuchepetsa mtengo wamagetsi (popewa 24/7盲目 kugwira ntchito kwa ma aerators) ndikuwongolera kusintha kwakusintha kwa chakudya ndi kuchuluka kwa nsomba.
• Deta Yoyang'anira Zachilengedwe: Malo owunikira munyanja amapatsa BFAR data yanthawi yayitali ya spatiotemporal DO, zomwe zimathandizira kusanthula zomwe zikuchitika komanso kupanga mfundo zambiri zasayansi zoyendetsera nyanja.

Chidule:
M'mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene monga Philippines, kumene ulimi wa m'madzi umakhala ndi ziwopsezo zazikulu komanso zomangamanga zimatha kutsutsidwa, masensa opangidwa ndi okosijeni osungunuka atsimikizira kuti ndi chida chabwino kwambiri chaukadaulo chaumisiri waulimi komanso kasamalidwe kabwino ka chilengedwe chifukwa cha kulimba kwawo, kusamalidwa kochepa, komanso kudalirika kwambiri. Sikuti amangothandiza alimi kuchepetsa ngozi ndikuwonjezera ndalama zomwe amapeza komanso amapereka chidziwitso champhamvu pakuteteza zachilengedwe zam'madzi za ku Philippines.

Titha kuperekanso njira zosiyanasiyana zothetsera

1. M'manja mita kwa Mipikisano parameter madzi khalidwe

2. Dongosolo la Buoy loyandama lamtundu wamadzi wamitundu yambiri

3. Burashi yotsuka yokha yamadzi ambiri amadzimadzi

4. Seti yathunthu ya ma seva ndi pulogalamu yopanda zingwe, imathandizira RS485 GPRS / 4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN

Kuti mumve zambiri za SENSOR zambiri,

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