Kugwiritsa ntchito masensa osungunuka mpweya (DO) a khalidwe la madzi ndi chitsanzo chofala komanso chopambana cha ukadaulo wa IoT mu ulimi wa nsomba ku Southeast Asia. Mpweya wosungunuka ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa khalidwe la madzi, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka, liwiro la kukula, komanso thanzi la mitundu ya ziweto.
Magawo otsatirawa akufotokoza momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito kudzera m'maphunziro osiyanasiyana ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana.
1. Kusanthula Kwachizolowezi: Famu Yaikulu ya Nsomba ku Vietnam
Chiyambi:
Vietnam ndi imodzi mwa makampani akuluakulu ogulitsa nsomba za shrimp ku Southeast Asia. Famu yaikulu ya nsomba za shrimp za vannamei ku Mekong Delta inakumana ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha imfa chifukwa cha kasamalidwe kosayenera ka mpweya wosungunuka. Mwachikhalidwe, ogwira ntchito ankayenera kuyeza magawo angapo patsiku poyenda pamadzi kupita ku dziwe lililonse, zomwe zinachititsa kuti deta isapitirire komanso kulephera kuyankha mwachangu ku hypoxia yomwe imachitika chifukwa cha usiku kapena kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa nyengo.
Yankho:
Famuyi idakhazikitsa njira yowunikira ubwino wa madzi yochokera ku IoT, yokhala ndi sensa ya okosijeni yosungunuka pa intaneti yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri.
- Kuyika: Masensa a DO amodzi kapena awiri adayikidwa mu dziwe lililonse, ndikuyikidwa pa kuya kwa pafupifupi mamita 1-1.5 (gawo lalikulu la madzi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nkhanu) pogwiritsa ntchito ma buoy kapena mitengo yokhazikika.
- Kutumiza Deta: Masensa amatumiza deta ya DO nthawi yeniyeni ndi kutentha kwa madzi ku nsanja yamtambo kudzera pa ma netiweki opanda zingwe (monga, LoRaWAN, 4G/5G).
- Kulamulira Mwanzeru: Dongosololi linalumikizidwa ndi ma aerator a dziwe. Miyezo yotetezeka ya DO inakhazikitsidwa (monga, malire otsika: 4 mg/L, malire apamwamba: 7 mg/L).
- Machenjezo ndi Kasamalidwe:
- Kuwongolera Kokha: Pamene DO yatsika pansi pa 4 mg/L, makinawo ankayatsa okha ma aerator; pamene yakwera pamwamba pa 7 mg/L, ankazimitsa, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti mpweya ulowe bwino komanso kusunga ndalama zamagetsi.
- Ma alamu Ochokera Kutali: Dongosololi limatumiza machenjezo kudzera pa SMS kapena zidziwitso za pulogalamu kwa manejala wa famu ndi akatswiri ngati deta inali yosazolowereka (monga kuchepa kosalekeza kapena kuchepa mwadzidzidzi).
- Kusanthula Deta: Nsanja ya mtambo inalemba deta yakale, zomwe zimathandiza kusanthula machitidwe a DO (monga kudya usiku, kusintha pambuyo podyetsa) kuti akonze njira zodyetsera ndi njira zoyendetsera.
Zotsatira:
- Kuchepetsa Chiwopsezo: Pafupifupi kuthetsa imfa zambiri ("kuyandama") komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mpweya m'thupi mwadzidzidzi, zomwe zathandiza kwambiri kuti ulimi ukhale wopambana.
- Kusunga Ndalama: Kupereka mpweya wabwino kwambiri kunachepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito ya ma aerator osagwira ntchito, zomwe zinapulumutsa pafupifupi 30% pa mabilu amagetsi.
- Kugwira Ntchito Bwino Kwambiri: Oyang'anira sankafunikanso kufufuza pafupipafupi pamanja ndipo ankatha kuyang'anira maiwe onse kudzera m'mafoni awo, zomwe zinathandiza kwambiri kuyendetsa bwino ntchito.
- Kukula Kwabwino Kwambiri: Malo okhazikika a DO adathandizira kukula kwa nkhanu mofanana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zokolola zambiri komanso kukula komaliza.
2. Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito M'mayiko Ena a Kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia
- Thailand: Chikhalidwe cha Gulu la Gulu/Nkhalango ya Nyanja
- Vuto: Kukula kwa zitseko m'madzi otseguka kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mafunde ndi mafunde, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi asinthe mofulumira. Mitundu ya zamoyo zokhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu monga grouper imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi hypoxia.
- Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Masensa a DO osakhudzidwa ndi dzimbiri omwe ali m'makhola amapereka kuwunika nthawi yeniyeni. Machenjezo amayamba ngati DO yagwa chifukwa cha maluwa a algae kapena kusasinthana bwino kwa madzi, zomwe zimathandiza alimi kuyambitsa makina opumira pansi pa madzi kapena kusamutsa makhola kuti apewe kutayika kwakukulu kwachuma.
- Indonesia: Maiwe Ophatikizana a Polyculture
- Vuto: Mu machitidwe a ulimi wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana (monga nsomba, nkhanu, nkhanu), kuchuluka kwa zamoyo kumakhala kwakukulu, kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wambiri n'kofunika, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za DO.
- Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Masensa amawunika mfundo zazikulu, kuthandiza alimi kumvetsetsa momwe mpweya umagwiritsidwira ntchito m'chilengedwe chonse. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zisankho zambiri zasayansi pa kuchuluka kwa chakudya ndi nthawi yopumira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitundu yonse ya zamoyo ikhale ndi malo abwino.
- Malaysia: Mafamu a Nsomba Zokongoletsera
- Vuto: Nsomba zokongoletsa zamtengo wapatali monga Arowana ndi Koi zimafunikira madzi okwanira kwambiri. Kuchepa pang'ono kwa mpweya m'thupi kungakhudze mtundu ndi thanzi lawo, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kufunika kwawo.
- Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Masensa a DO olondola kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matanki ang'onoang'ono a konkriti kapena m'nyumba Zozungulira Madzi (RAS). Izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi makina oyeretsera okosijeni kuti DO ikhale pamlingo wabwino komanso wokhazikika, ndikutsimikizira ubwino ndi thanzi la nsomba zokongoletsa.
3. Chidule cha Mtengo Waukulu Woperekedwa ndi Ntchito
| Mtengo Wogwiritsira Ntchito | Kuwonetsera Kwapadera |
|---|---|
| Chenjezo la Zoopsa, Kuchepetsa Kutayika | Kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni ndi ma alarm nthawi yomweyo kumaletsa imfa zazikulu za hypoxia—mtengo wolunjika komanso wofunikira kwambiri. |
| Kusunga Mphamvu, Kuchepetsa Ndalama | Zimathandiza kuwongolera mwanzeru zida zopumira mpweya, kupewa kuwononga mphamvu komanso kuchepetsa kwambiri ndalama zogwirira ntchito. |
| Kukonza Bwino, Kasamalidwe ka Sayansi | Zimathandizira kuyang'anira patali, kuchepetsa ntchito; zisankho zozikidwa pa deta zimathandizira ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku monga kudyetsa ndi mankhwala. |
| Kuchuluka kwa Zokolola ndi Ubwino | Malo okhazikika a DO amalimbikitsa kukula kwathanzi komanso mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pa unit imodzi pakhale phindu komanso zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa (kukula/giredi). |
| Kuwongolera Inshuwalansi ndi Ndalama | Zolemba za kasamalidwe ka digito zimapereka deta yodalirika ya minda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupeza inshuwaransi yaulimi ndi ngongole za banki. |
4. Mavuto ndi Zochitika Zamtsogolo
Ngakhale kuti njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, pali mavuto ena omwe akuchitika:
- Ndalama Zoyambira Kuyika Ndalama: Dongosolo lonse la IoT likuyimirabe ndalama zambiri kwa alimi ang'onoang'ono, payekhapayekha.
- Kusamalira Masensa: Masensa amafunika kutsukidwa nthawi zonse (kuti apewe kuwononga zinthu) ndi kulinganiza, zomwe zimafuna luso linalake laukadaulo kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
- Kufalikira kwa Netiweki: Zizindikiro za netiweki zimatha kukhala zosakhazikika m'madera ena akutali akulima.
Zochitika Zamtsogolo:
- Kutsika kwa Mtengo wa Sensor ndi Kuchuluka kwa Ukadaulo: Mitengo idzakhala yotsika mtengo chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo komanso chuma chambiri.
- Ma Probe Ophatikizana a Multi-Parameter: Kuphatikiza masensa a DO, pH, kutentha, ammonia, mchere, ndi zina zotero, mu probe imodzi kuti apereke mbiri yonse ya ubwino wa madzi.
- AI ndi Big Data Analytics: Kuphatikiza luntha lochita kupanga osati kungochenjeza komanso kulosera momwe madzi akuyendera komanso kupereka upangiri wanzeru wowongolera (monga, kulosera mpweya).
- Chitsanzo cha “Masensa-monga-Utumiki”: Kutuluka kwa opereka chithandizo komwe alimi amalipira ndalama zothandizira m'malo mogula zida, ndipo opereka chithandizo amayang'anira kukonza ndi kusanthula deta.
- Tikhozanso kupereka njira zosiyanasiyana zothetsera mavutowa
1. Chida chogwiritsira ntchito m'manja cha ubwino wa madzi okhala ndi magawo ambiri
2. Dongosolo loyandama la Buoy la ubwino wa madzi okhala ndi magawo ambiri
3. Burashi yoyeretsera yokha ya sensa yamadzi yokhala ndi magawo ambiri
4. Seti yonse ya ma seva ndi mapulogalamu opanda zingwe, imathandizira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
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Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-25-2025