Milandu Yogwiritsa Ntchito Ma Sensor a Hydrological Radar, Mageji a Mvula, ndi Zowonera Kusamuka kwa Chigumula cha Mapiri Chenjezo Loyambirira ku Southeast Asia.

Kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, komwe kumadziwika ndi nyengo yamvula yamkuntho, mvula yamkuntho, komanso mapiri, ndi amodzi mwa madera omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi masoka a kusefukira kwamapiri padziko lonse lapansi. Kalondolondo wa mvula wanthawi zonse sakukwaniranso pa machenjezo amakono. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa njira yophatikizira yowunikira ndi kuchenjeza yomwe imaphatikiza umisiri wamlengalenga, zakuthambo, ndi pansi. Pachimake pamakina otere ndi: masensa a hydrological radar (owunikira mvula yayikulu), zoyezera mvula (zoyeserera bwino zapansi), ndi masensa osamutsidwa (zowunikira momwe zilili pamalopo).

Nkhani yotsatirayi ikuwonetsa momwe mitundu itatu ya masensa imagwirira ntchito limodzi.

I. Mlandu Wogwiritsa Ntchito: Pulojekiti Yochenjeza Poyambirira pa Kusefukira kwa Mapiri ndi Kugumuka kwa nthaka mu Watershed ya Java Island, Indonesia

1. Mbiri Yantchito:
Midzi yamapiri m'chigawo chapakati cha Java Island imakhudzidwa nthawi zonse ndi mvula yamphamvu kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kusefukira kwamapiri pafupipafupi komanso kugwa kwa nthaka, zomwe zikuwopseza kwambiri miyoyo ya anthu, katundu wawo, ndi zomangamanga. Boma, mogwirizana ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi, lidakhazikitsa ntchito yowunikira ndi kuchenjeza mdera laling'ono laling'ono lomwe lili m'derali.

2. Kusintha kwa Sensor ndi Maudindo:

• "Sky Diso" - Hydrological Radar Sensors (Spatial Monitoring)
  • Ntchito: Kulosera kwa macroscopic ndi kuyerekezera mvula ya m'madera ozungulira madzi.
  • Kutumiza: Maukonde ang'onoang'ono a X-band kapena C-band hydrological radar adayikidwa pamalo okwera mozungulira mtsinje. Ma radar awa amayang'ana mlengalenga pamtunda wonse wamadzi ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa spatiotemporal (mwachitsanzo, mphindi 5 zilizonse, 500m × 500m gridi), kuyerekeza kuchuluka kwa mvula, komwe kumayendera, ndi liwiro.
  • Ntchito:
    • Radar imazindikira mtambo wamvula wamphamvu womwe ukulowera kumtunda wamadzi ndikuwerengera kuti udzaphimba madera onse mkati mwa mphindi 60, ndikuyerekeza kuti mvula imagwa mopitilira 40 mm / h. Dongosololi limapereka chenjezo la Level 1 (Advisory), kudziwitsa malo oyang'anira pansi ndi oyang'anira kuti akonzekere kutsimikizira kwa data ndi kuyankha mwadzidzidzi.
    • Deta ya radar imapereka mapu ogawa mvula a malo onse amadzi, kuzindikiritsa molondola madera a "malo otsetsereka" omwe amagwa mvula yamphamvu kwambiri, yomwe imakhala yofunikira kwambiri pamachenjezo olondola.
• "Ground Reference" - Miyezo ya Mvula (Kuwunika Kolondola Kwambiri)
  • Udindo: Kusonkhanitsira zidziwitso zapadziko lapansi komanso kusanja deta ya radar.
  • Kutumiza: Zoyezera mvula zambirimbiri zidagawidwa m'madambo amadzi, makamaka kumtunda kwa midzi, m'malo okwera, komanso m'malo odziwika ndi radar. Masensa amenewa amalemba mvula yapansi yolondola kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, 0.2 mm/nsonga).
  • Ntchito:
    • Pamene radar ya hydrological ikupereka chenjezo, dongosololi limatenga nthawi yeniyeni deta kuchokera kumagetsi amvula. Ngati ma geji a mvula angapo atsimikizira kuti mvula yochuluka mu ola lapitalo yadutsa 50 mm (malo oikidwiratu), dongosololi limakulitsa chenjezo ku Level 2 (Chenjezo).
    • Deta yoyezera mvula imaperekedwa mosalekeza ku dongosolo lapakati kuti lifananize ndi kuyezetsa ndi kuyerekezera kwa radar, mosalekeza kuwongolera kulondola kwakusintha kwa mvula ya radar ndikuchepetsa ma alarm abodza komanso kuzindikirika kophonya. Zimagwira ntchito ngati "chowonadi chenicheni" chotsimikizira machenjezo a radar.
• "Pulse of the Earth" - Zomverera Zosamuka (Geological Response Monitoring)
  • Ntchito: Kuyang'anira momwe malo otsetsereka akuyankhira mvula ikagwa komanso kuchenjeza mwachindunji za kugwa kwa nthaka.
  • Kutumiza: Masensa angapo osuntha adayikidwa pamatupi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu omwe amadziwikiratu kudzera mu kafukufuku wa geological mumadzi, kuphatikiza:
    • Borehole Inclinometers: Amayikidwa m'mabowo kuti aziyang'anira kusuntha kwakung'ono kwa miyala yakuya ndi nthaka.
    • Crack Meters / Wire Extensometers: Amayikidwa kudutsa ming'alu yamtunda kuti muwone kusintha kwa m'lifupi mwake.
    • GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Monitoring Stations: Onetsetsani kusamuka kwapamtunda kwa millimeter.
  • Ntchito:
    • Pa nthawi ya mvula yambiri, zoyezera mvula zimatsimikizira mvula yambiri. Panthawi imeneyi, masensa osuntha amapereka chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri - kukhazikika kwa malo otsetsereka.
    • Dongosolo limazindikira kuthamangitsidwa kwadzidzidzi kwa ziwopsezo zakusamuka kuchokera ku inclinometer yakuzama pamtunda wowopsa kwambiri, limodzi ndi kuwerengera kopitilira muyeso kuchokera pamamita a mng'alu. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti madzi amvula alowa m'malo otsetsereka, malo otsetsereka akupanga, ndipo kugwa kwa nthaka kuli pafupi.
    • Kutengera ndi nthawi yeniyeni yakusamukayi, dongosololi limadutsa machenjezo okhudzana ndi mvula ndikupereka mwachindunji chenjezo la Level 3 lapamwamba kwambiri (Emergency Alert), kudziwitsa anthu okhala m'dera lowopsa kudzera pawayilesi, ma SMS, ndi ma siren kuti atuluke nthawi yomweyo.

II. Kugwirizana kwa magwiridwe antchito a masensa

1. Chenjezo Loyambirira (Mvula Isanagwe mpaka Mvula Yoyamba): Rada ya Hydrological imazindikira mitambo yamvula yamphamvu kumtunda koyamba, ndikuchenjezani msanga.
2. Chitsimikizo ndi Kukwera kwa Mvula (Panthawi ya Mvula): Zoyezera mvula zimatsimikizira kuti mvula yapansi panthaka imadutsa malire, kutchula ndi kuyika chenjezo.
3. Critical Action Phase (Pre-Disaster): Zowunikira zowonongeka zimazindikira zizindikiro za kusakhazikika kwa malo otsetsereka, zomwe zimayambitsa chenjezo lapamwamba kwambiri lomwe likubwera, kugula "mphindi zochepa" zovuta kuti zichoke.
4. Kulinganiza ndi Kuphunzira (Panthawi yonseyi): Deta yoyezera mvula imasanja radar mosalekeza, pomwe data yonse ya sensa imajambulidwa kuti ikwaniritse machenjezo amtsogolo ndi machenjezo.

III. Chidule ndi Zovuta

Njira yophatikizira ya ma sensor ambiriyi imapereka chithandizo chaukadaulo chothandizira kuthana ndi kusefukira kwamapiri komanso kugwa kwa nthaka ku Southeast Asia.

• Makina oonera madzi amayankha funso lakuti, “Kodi mvula yamphamvu idzagwa kuti?” kupereka nthawi yoyenera.
• Zoyezera mvula zimayankha funso lakuti, “Kodi kunagwa mvula yochuluka bwanji?” kupereka deta yolondola kwambiri.
• Masensa osuntha amayankha funso lakuti, "Kodi nthaka yatsala pang'ono kutsetsereka?" kupereka umboni wachindunji wa tsoka lomwe likubwera.

Mavuto ndi awa:

• Mtengo Wokwera: Kuyika ndi kukonza ma radar ndi ma network a sensor sensor ndiokwera mtengo.
• Zovuta Zosamalira: Kumadera akutali, chinyezi, ndi mapiri, kuonetsetsa kuti magetsi (nthawi zambiri amadalira mphamvu ya dzuwa), kutumiza deta (nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mawailesi kapena satellite), komanso kukonza zida zakuthupi ndizovuta kwambiri.
• Kuphatikiza kwaukadaulo: Mapulatifomu amphamvu a data ndi ma aligorivimu amafunikira kuti aphatikizire deta yamitundu yambiri ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale zisankho mwachangu.
• Seti yathunthu yamaseva ndi pulogalamu yopanda zingwe yothandizira, imathandizira RS485 GPRS / 4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWANChonde lemberani Honde Technology Co., LTD.

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