Ukadaulo 7 wothandiza kubwezeretsa ndi kupewa madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi kusefukira kwa madzi

Akatswiri akugogomezera kuti kuyika ndalama mu njira zanzeru zotulutsira madzi, malo osungiramo madzi ndi zomangamanga zobiriwira kungateteze madera ku zochitika zoopsa

Kusefukira kwa madzi komwe kwachitika posachedwapa m'boma la Rio Grande do Sul ku Brazil kukuwonetsa kufunika kochitapo kanthu moyenera pokonzanso madera omwe akhudzidwa ndikupewa masoka achilengedwe mtsogolo. Kusefukira kwa madzi kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa madera, zomangamanga ndi chilengedwe, zomwe zikuwonetsa kufunika kosamalira bwino madzi amvula kudzera muukadaulo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zogwirizanitsa zinthu n'kofunika osati kokha pobwezeretsa madera omwe akhudzidwa, komanso pomanga zomangamanga zolimba.

Kuyika ndalama mu njira zanzeru zotulutsira madzi, malo osungiramo madzi, ndi zomangamanga zobiriwira kungapulumutse miyoyo ndikuteteza madera. Ntchito zatsopanozi ndizofunikira kwambiri popewa masoka atsopano komanso kuchepetsa mavuto a mvula ndi kusefukira kwa madzi.

Nazi njira ndi njira zina zomwe zingathandize kubwezeretsa masoka ndikupewa masoka amtsogolo:

Makina oyeretsera madzi anzeru: Makinawa amagwiritsa ntchito masensa ndi intaneti ya zinthu (IoT) kuti aziyang'anira ndikuwongolera kuyenda kwa madzi nthawi yeniyeni. Amatha kuyeza kuchuluka kwa madzi, kuzindikira kutsekeka ndi kuyambitsa mapampu ndi zipata zokha, kuonetsetsa kuti madzi akuyenda bwino komanso kupewa kusefukira kwa madzi m'deralo.
Zogulitsa zikuwonetsedwa pachithunzi chili pansipa

Madziwe: Madziwe awa, kaya ali pansi pa nthaka kapena otseguka, amasunga madzi ambiri mvula ikagwa ndipo amawatulutsa pang'onopang'ono kuti asachulukitse madzi m'njira yotulutsira madzi. Ukadaulo uwu umathandiza kulamulira kuyenda kwa madzi ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kusefukira kwa madzi.
Zida zosungira madzi amvula: Mayankho monga madenga obiriwira, minda, malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, mapaki okongola ndi mabedi a maluwa a zomera ndi mitengo, njira zolowera madzi, pansi pa nthaka yokhala ndi udzu pakati, ndi malo olowera madzi amatha kuyamwa ndi kusunga madzi amvula asanafike m'matauni, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi pamwamba ndi katundu pa zomangamanga zomwe zilipo kale.
Dongosolo lolekanitsa madzi olimba: Chipangizo chomwe chimayikidwa pamalo otulukira chitoliro cha madzi amvula chisanalowe mu netiweki ya anthu onse yotulutsira madzi, chomwe cholinga chake ndikulekanitsa madzi olimba ndikuletsa kuti asalowe mu chitoliro kuti mapaipi asatseke. Ma netiweki ndi matope olowa m'madzi (mitsinje, nyanja ndi madamu). Madzi olimba olimba, ngati sanasungidwe, amatha kuletsa madzi kuyenda m'mizinda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi asayende bwino komanso zomwe zingachititse kuti madzi asefukire m'mwamba. Madzi okhala ndi matope amakhala ndi kuya kochepa kwa madzi, zomwe zingayambitse kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amafunika kuchotsedwa, zomwe zingakhudze magombe ndikuyambitsa kusefukira kwa madzi.
Kuyesa kwa madzi ndi kulosera mvula: Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zoyezera madzi ndi kulosera kwa nyengo, zochitika zamvula yambiri zitha kunenedweratu ndipo njira zodzitetezera, monga kuyambitsa makina opopera madzi kapena kukhetsa madzi m'mabowo osungira madzi, zingatengedwe kuti zichepetse mavuto a kusefukira kwa madzi.
Kuyang'anira ndi kuchenjeza: Njira yowunikira nthawi zonse kuchuluka kwa madzi m'mitsinje, ngalande ndi ngalande zamadzi imaphatikizidwa ndi njira yochenjeza anthu ndi akuluakulu a boma za chiopsezo cha kusefukira kwa madzi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti anthu achitepo kanthu mwachangu komanso moyenera.
Machitidwe obwezeretsa madzi a mvula: Zomangamanga zomwe zimasonkhanitsa, kuchiza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a mvula pazifukwa zosagwiritsidwa ntchito, motero zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amafunika kusamalidwa ndi makina otulutsira madzi ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika panthawi yamvula yambiri.
"Izi zimafuna mgwirizano pakati pa boma, mabizinesi ndi anthu, zomwe zimagogomezera kufunika kwa mfundo zothandiza za boma komanso ndalama zokhazikika mu zomangamanga ndi maphunziro." Kuchita izi kungasinthe kasamalidwe ka madzi m'mizinda ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mizinda yakonzeka kuthana ndi zochitika zanyengo zoopsa."